Osroene

ܡܠܟܘܬܐ ܕܒܝܬ ܐܘܪܗܝ

132 SM–214 M^[1]

Peta yang menampilkan Osroene sebagai anak kerajaan Kerajaan Armenia pada masa kekuasaan Tigranes Agung

Status

Kerajaan, negara vasal, provinsi

Ibu kota

Edessa
(sekarang Şanlıurfa, Turki)

Bahasa yang umum digunakan

Aram (resmi)
Yunani Koine
Armenia

Agama

Kekristenan c. 200 M(agama negara)^[2]^[3]

Pemerintahan

Monarki

Raja

Era Sejarah

Zaman Helenistik

• Didirikan

132 SM

• Dibubarkan

214 M^[1]

Didahului oleh

Digantikan oleh

ksrKekaisaran

Seleukia

Osroene (provinsi Romawi)

Sunting kotak info • Lihat • Bicara

Osroene (Yunani: Ὀσροηνή) adalah sebuah wilayah dan negara kuno di Mesopotamia Tinggi.^[4] Kerajaan Osroene, dikenal juga sebagai "Kerajaan Edessa" (bahasa Suryani: ܡܠܟܘܬܐ ܕܒܝܬ ܐܘܪܗܝ / "Kerajaan Urhay"), berdasarkan pada nama ibu kotanya (sekarang Şanlıurfa, Turki), yang berdiri mulai abad ke-2 SM sampai abad ke-3 M, dan diperintah oleh dinasti Abgaridia.^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[1]^[9]

Lihat pula

Wikisource memiliki teks artikel the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica tentang Osroene.

Edessa
Orang Aram
Bahasa Aram
Bahasa Suryani
Suriah (wilayah)
Keuskupan Timur

Referensi

^ ^a ^b Segal 1982, hlm. 210-213.
^ Ball, W (2001). Rome in the East: the transformation of an empire. Routledge. hlm. 98. ISBN 978-0-415-24357-5.
^ Frankfurter, David (1998). Pilgrimage and Holy Space in Late Antique Egypt. BRILL. hlm. 383. ISBN 90-04-11127-1.
It was around 200 CE that Abgar IX adopted Christianity, thus enabling Edessa to become the first Christian state in history whose ruler was officially and openly a Christian.
^ Dupuy, Richard Ernest; Dupuy, Trevor Nevitt (1970). The Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 B.C. to the Present. Harper & Row. hlm. 115. ISBN 978-0-06-011139-7.
^ Bowman, Alan; Garnsey, Peter; Cameron, Averil (2005). The Cambridge Ancient History: Volume 12, The Crisis of Empire, AD 193-337 (dalam bahasa Inggris). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521301992.
^ "Osroëne | ancient kingdom, Mesopotamia, Asia | Britannica".
^ Skolnik, Fred; Berenbaum, Michael (2007). Encyclopaedia Judaica (dalam bahasa Inggris). Macmillan Reference USA. ISBN 9780028659435.
^ Roberts, John Morris; Westad, Odd Arne (2013). The History of the World (dalam bahasa Inggris). Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199936762.
^ Laet, Sigfried J. de; Herrmann, Joachim (1996). History of Humanity: From the seventh century B.C. to the seventh century A.D. (dalam bahasa Inggris). UNESCO. ISBN 9789231028120.

Sumber

Andrade, Nathanael J. (2013). Syrian Identity in the Greco-Roman World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107244566.
Drijvers, Hendrik J. W. (1980). Cults and Beliefs at Edessa. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 9004060502.
Drower, Margaret Stephana; Gray, Eric William; Sherwin-White, Susan Mary (2012). "Osroëne". Dalam Hornblower, Simon; Spawforth, Antony; Eidinow, Esther. The Oxford Classical Dictionary (edisi ke-4). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-954556-8.
Griffith, Sidney H. (1986). "Ephraem, the Deacon of Edessa, and the Church of the Empire". Diakonia: Studies in Honor of Robert T. Meyer. Washington: CUA Press. hlm. 25–52. ISBN 9780813205960.
Griffith, Sidney H. (2002). "Christianity in Edessa and the Syriac-Speaking World: Mani, Bar Daysan, and Ephraem, the Struggle for Allegiance on the Aramean Frontier". Journal of the Canadian Society for Syriac Studies. 2: 5–20. doi:10.31826/jcsss-2009-020104. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-12-11. Diakses tanggal 2023-04-13. Parameter |s2cid= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
Harrak, Amir (1992). "The Ancient Name of Edessa" (PDF). Journal of Near Eastern Studies. 51 (3): 209–214. doi:10.1086/373553. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2014-08-09. Parameter |s2cid= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
Healey, John F. (2007). "The Edessan Milieu and the Birth of Syriac" (PDF). Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies. 10 (2): 115–127.
Keser-Kayaalp, Elif; Drijvers, Hendrik J. W. (2018). "Edessa". The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity. 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 516–518. ISBN 9780192562463.
Lieu, Samuel (1997). "EDESSA". Dalam Yarshater, Ehsan. Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume VIII/2: Economy V–Education XX. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. hlm. 174–175. ISBN 978-1-56859-051-6.
Mango, Marlia M. (1991). "Osrhoene". Dalam Kazhdan, Alexander. The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-504652-6.
Millar, Fergus (1967). The Roman Empire and Its Neighbours. New York: Delacorte Press. ISBN 9780440017691.
Millar, Fergus (1987). "Empire, Community and Culture in the Roman Near East: Greeks, Syrians, Jews and Arabs". Journal of Jewish Studies. 38 (2): 143–164. doi:10.18647/1337/JJS-1987.
Millar, Fergus (1993). The Roman Near East, 31 BC - AD 337. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674778863.
Millar, Fergus (2004). Rome, the Greek World, and the East: Government, Society and Culture in the Roman Empire. 2. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 9780807855201.
Millar, Fergus (2006). A Greek Roman Empire: Power and Belief under Theodosius II (408–450). Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 9780520253919.
Millar, Fergus (2006). Rome, the Greek World, and the East: The Greek World, the Jews, and the East. 3. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 9780807876657.
Millar, Fergus (2011). "Greek and Syriac in Edessa: From Ephrem to Rabbula (CE 363-435)". Semitica et Classica. 4: 99–114. doi:10.1484/J.SEC.1.102508.
Millar, Fergus (2012). "Greek and Syriac in Fifth-Century Edessa: The Case of Bishop Hibas". Semitica et Classica. 5: 151–165. doi:10.1484/J.SEC.1.103053.
Sartre, Maurice (2005). "The Arabs and the desert peoples". Dalam Bowman, Alan K.; Garnsey, Peter; Cameron, Averil. The Cambridge Ancient History: Volume 12, The Crisis of Empire, AD 193-337. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521301992.
Segal, Judah (1982). "Abgar". Dalam Yarshater, Ehsan. Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume I/2: ʿAbd-al-Hamīd–ʿAbd-al-Hamīd. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. hlm. 210–213. ISBN 978-0-71009-091-1.