Divisyen 1 Panzer SS Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler
| Divisyen Pertama Panzer SS Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler | |
|---|---|
 Lambang unit | |
| Aktif | 9 November 1923 – 8 Mei 1945 |
| Negara |  Jerman Nazi |
| Kesetiaan | Adolf Hitler |
| Cawangan |  Waffen-SS |
| Jenis | Panzer |
| Peranan | Peperangan berperisai |
| Saiz | Divisyen |
| Penaung | Adolf Hitler |
| Moto |
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| Pertempuran |
|
| Komander | |
| Komander terkenal |
|
Divisyen Pertama Panzer SS Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler (disingkatkan 1. SS-Pz.Div. LSSAH) bermula sebagai pengawal peribadi Adolf Hitler, bertanggungjawab melindungi nyawa Führer, pejabat dan kediamannya. Bermula dengan saiz sebuah rejimen (briged), LSSAH akhirnya berkembang menjadi sebuah unit elit bersaiz divisyen. Istilah Leibstandarte berasal daripada Leibgarde – penterjemahan kuno Jerman "Garde du Corps" atau pengawal peribadi seorang pemimpin tentera ("Leib" = bermaksud "badan, tubuh") – dan Standarte: Istilah Schutzstaffel (SS) atau Sturmabteilung (SA) bagi unit bersaiz rejimen.
LSSAH secara bebas terlibat dalam pertempuran semasa Penjajahan Poland, dan telah disatukan dalam Waffen-SS berserta dengan SS-Verfügungstruppe (SS-VT) dan unit-unit kombat SS-Totenkopfverbände (SS-TV) sebelum operasi Barbarossa pada tahun 1941. Pada penghujung Perang Dunia II saiznya bertambah daripada rejimen kepada sebuah Divisyen panzer.
Lambang divisyen Leibstandarte ialah anak kunci, sebagai menghormati komander pertamanya, Josef "Sepp" Dietrich (Dietrich dalam bahasa Jerman bermaksud anak kunci atau pengumpil mangga); ia telah dikekalkan dan diubah suai kemudian untuk menjadi simbol bagi Kor I Panzer SS. Divisyen elit yang merupakan komponen Waffen-SS ini, telah didapati bersalah kerana jenayah perang di Perbicaraan Nuremberg. Anggota-anggota LSSAH telah terlibat dengan pelbagai kekejaman. Mereka telah membunuh sekurang-kurangnya 5,000 orang tawanan perang sepanjang tahun 1940–1945, kebanyakkannya di Barisan Timur.[1]
Asal usul unit
- Stabswache (SA controlled) – 1923
- Stoßtrupp Adolf Hitler (SA controlled) – 1923
- Stabswache (not under SA control) – March 1933
- SS-Stabswache Berlin – 1933
- SS-Sonderkommando Zossen – 1933
- SS-Sonderkommando Jüterbog – 1933
- SS-Sonderkommando Berlin – September 1933
- Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler – November 1933
- Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler – April 1934
- Infanterie-Regiment (mot.) Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler – 1939
- SS-Division (mot.) Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler – 1941
- SS-Panzergrenadier-Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler – 1943
- 1. SS-Panzer-Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler – 1943[2]
Anggota-anggota ternama
- Bernhard Siebken
- Balthasar Woll
- Franz Schönhuber, Politician
- Franz Staudegger
- Heinrich Kling
- Hugo Kraas
- Joachim Peiper
- Klaus Havenstein, actor
- Kurt Gildisch
- Kurt Meyer
- Max Wünsche
- Michael Wittmann
- Otto Beisheim, industrialist
- Otto Günsche
- Rochus Misch
- Theodor Wisch
- Werner Wolff (SS officer)
- Wilhelm Mohnke
Lihat juga
- Kor I Panzer SS Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler
- Senarai Divisyen Waffen-SS
Petikan
- ^ Margolian 2000, m/s. 14.
- ^ Tiemann 1998, m/s. 5.
Bibliografi
- Ailsby, Christopher (1998). SS: Hell on the Eastern Front, The Waffen-SS War in Russia 1941–1945. Osceola, WI: MBI Publishing. ISBN 978-0-76-030538-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Beevor, Antony (2002). Berlin: The Downfall 1945. London: Viking-Penguin Books. ISBN 0-670-03041-4.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Beevor, Antony (2010). D-Day: The Battle for Normandy. Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-311818-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Bishop, Chris; Williams, Michael (2003). SS: Hell on the Western Front. St Paul, Minn: MBI Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7603-1402-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Butler, Rupert (2001). SS-Leibstandarte: The History of the First SS Division, 1934–45. Staplehurst: Spellmount. ISBN 978-1-86227-117-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Cole, Hugh M. (1965). The Ardennes: Battle of the Bulge. United States Army in World War II. United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 569167802. Dicapai pada 14 October 2006.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Cook, Stan; Bender, Roger James (1994). Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler: Uniforms, Organization, & History. San Jose, CA: James Bender Publishing. ISBN 978-0-912138-55-8.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- D'Este, Carlo (1984). Decision in Normandy. Konecky & Konecky. ISBN 1-56852-260-6.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Dollinger, Hans (1968). The Decline and Fall of Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan: A Pictorial History of the Final Days of World War II. New York: Crown. OCLC 712594.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Evans, Richard J. (2005). The Third Reich in Power. New York: Penguin Group. ISBN 978-0-14-303790-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Fey, William (2003) [1990]. Armor Battles of the Waffen-SS, 1943–1945. Stackpole Books. ISBN 978-0-8117-2905-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Fischer, Thomas (2008). Soldiers of the Leibstandarte. Winnipeg: J.J. Fedorowicz. ISBN 978-0-921991-91-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Friedman, Saul S. (2004). A History of the Holocaust. London; Portland, OR: Vallentine Mitchell. ISBN 978-0-85303-435-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Glantz, David M.; House, Jonathan M. (1995). When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army Stopped Hitler. ISBN 978-0-7006-0717-4.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Goldsworthy, Terry (2010). Valhalla's Warriors: A History of the Waffen-SS on the Eastern Front 1941–1945.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Guderian, Heinz (1952). Panzer Leader. London: Micheal Joseph Publishing.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Johnson, Davis (1999). Quassowski, Hans (penyunting). Twelve Years with Hitler: A history of 1. Kompanie Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler, 1933–1945. Schiffer. ISBN 0-7643-0777-0.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Kershaw, Ian (2008). Hitler: A Biography. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 0-393-06757-2.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Lemay, Benoit; Heyward, Pierce (2010). Erich von Manstein: Hitler's Master Strategist. Havertown, Pa: Casemate. ISBN 978-1-935149-26-2.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Lewin, Ronald (1978). Ultra Goes to War. New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-037453-8.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Lumsden, Robin (2002). A Collector's Guide To: The Allgemeine–SS. Hersham, Surrey: Ian Allan. ISBN 978-0-7110-2905-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- MacDonald, Charles (1984). A Time For Trumpets: The Untold Story of the Battle of the Bulge. Bantam Books. ISBN 0-553-34226-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Margolian, Howard (2000). Conduct Unbecoming: The Story of the Murder of Canadian Prisoners of War in Normandy. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-0-8020-8360-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- McNab, Chris (2009). The SS: 1923–1945. Amber Books Ltd. ISBN 978-1-906626-49-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Moseley, Ray (2004). Mussolini: The Last 600 Days of il Duce. Dallas: Taylor Trade Pub. ISBN 978-1-58979-095-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Parker, Danny S. (2012). Fatal Crossroads: The Untold Story of the Malmédy Massacre at the Battle of the Bulge. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo. ISBN 978-0-306-81193-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Reynolds, Michael Frank (1997). Steel inferno: I SS Panzer Corps in Normandy: The Story of the 1st and 12th SS Panzer Divisions in the 1944 Normandy Campaign. Steelhurst: Spellmount. ISBN 1-873376-90-1.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Ripley, Tim (2000). SS Steel Storm: Waffen-SS Panzer Battles on the Eastern Front 1943–1945. Osceola, Wis: MBI Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7603-0937-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Stein, George H. (1984). The Waffen SS: Hitler's Elite Guard at War, 1939–1945. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. ISBN 0-8014-9275-0.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Stoves, Rolf (1994). Die gepanzerten und motorisierten deutsche Grossverbände 1935–1945. Wölfersheim-Berstadt: Podzun-Pallas-Verlag. ISBN 3-7909-0279-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Strauss, Herbert A (1999a). In the Eye of the Storm: Growing up Jewish in Germany, 1918–1943: A Memoir. Fordham University Press. ISBN 978-0-8232-1916-2.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Strauss, Lotte (1999b). Over the Green Hill: A German Jewish Memoir, 1913–1943. Fordham University Press. ISBN 978-0-8232-1919-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Tiemann, Ralf (1998). The Leibstandarte – IV/2. Winnipeg: J.J. Fedorowicz. ISBN 0-921991-40-1.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Van der Vat, Dan (2003). D-Day: The Greatest Invasion—A People's History. Maddison Press. ISBN 1-55192-586-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Weale, Adrian (2012). Army of Evil: A History of the SS. New York; Toronto: NAL Caliber (Penguin Group). ISBN 978-0-451-23791-0.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Windrow, Martin (1999). The Waffen-SS. Botley: Osprey. ISBN 978-0-85045-425-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Zuccotti, Susan (2007). Holocaust Odysseys: The Jews of Saint-Martin-Vesubie and Their Flight through France and Italy. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-12294-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Rujukan Online
- "A Great Risk: Australia's War 1939–1945". Australian Government Department of Veterans Affairs. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2011-06-02. Dicapai pada 2011-10-27.
- "Luttich: the counter-offensive of the last chance". Memorial Mont-Ormel. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2012-04-29. Dicapai pada 2011-10-30.
- "History: Remembering the invinsible soldiers of the Battle of the Bulge [sic]". U.S. Wereth Memorial. Dicapai pada 2014-03-25.
Bacaan lanjut
- Höhne, Heinz (2000) [1969]. The Order of the Death's Head: The Story of Hitler's SS (Der Orden unter dem Totenkopf: Die Geschichte der SS). London: Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-139012-3.
- Kumm, Otto (1946). 1 SS Panzer Division (15 Feb–May 45) ; 7 SS Mountain Division (6 Jun 44-15 Feb 45). France: Historical Division, Headquarters, United States Army, Europe, Foreign Military Studies Branch. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2015-12-08. Dicapai pada 2015-11-08.
- Walther, Herbert (1989). The 1st SS Armored Division: A Documentation in Words and Pictures. West Chester, Pa: Schiffer. ISBN 0-88740-165-1.
- Weingartner, James J. (1974). Hitler's Guard: The Story of the Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler, 1933–1945. Southern Illinois University Press. ISBN 0-8093-0682-4.
Pautan luar
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| Cawangan |  | |
| Pimpinan |
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| Pemimpin |
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| Jabatan utama |
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| Institusi Ideologik |
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| Polis dan pasukan keselamatan | ||
| Kawalan keselamatan Führer | ||
| Unit-unit separa tentera |
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| Divisyen Waffen-SS |
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| Unit asing SS |
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| Syarikat kawalan SS |
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| Pangkat, uniform dan insignia |
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| Politik |
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| Peristiwa | |||||
| Tempat tinggal |
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| Kehidupan peribadi |
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| Barangan peribadi |
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| Persepsi |
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| Keluarga | |||||
| Lain-lain |
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Kawalan kewibawaan  | |
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| Umum | |
| Perpustakaan negara |
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