Access stratum

The access stratum (AS) in computer networking and telecommunications is a functional layer in the UMTS and LTE wireless telecom protocol stacks between radio network and user equipment.^[1] While the definition of the access stratum is very different between UMTS and LTE, in both cases the access stratum is responsible for transporting data over the wireless connection and managing radio resources. The radio network is also called access network.

  +- - - - - -+       +- - - - - - -+
  | HTTP      |       | Application |
  +- - - - - -+       +- - - - - - -+
  | TCP       |       | Transport   |
  +- - - - - -+       +- - - - - - -+
  | IP        |       | Internet    |
  +- - - - - -+       +- - - - - - -+
  | NAS       |       | Network     |
  +- - - - - -+       +- - - - - - -+
  | AS        |       | Link        |
  +- - - - - -+       +- - - - - - -+
  | Channels  |       | Physical    |
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References

^ Martin Sauter (2006). Communication systems for the mobile information society. John Wiley & Sons. p. 131. ISBN 978-0-470-02676-2.

Cellular network standards

List of mobile phone generations

0G radio telephones (1946)

MTS
IMTS
Altai
OLT
MTA - MTB - MTC - MTD
Mobile TeleSeratout
AMTS
Autotel (PALM)
ARP
B-Netz
AMR

1G (1979)

AMPS family	AMPS - N-AMPS TACS - ETACS
Other	NMT C-450 Hicap Mobitex DataTAC CT1

2G (1991)

GSM/3GPP family	GSM CSD - HSCSD
3GPP2 family	cdmaOne (IS-95)
AMPS family	D-AMPS (IS-54 and IS-136)
Other	CDPD iDEN PDC PHS CT2

2G transitional
(2.5G, 2.75G, 2.9G)

GSM/3GPP family	GPRS EDGE/EGPRS - Evolved EDGE
3GPP2 family	CDMA2000 1X (TIA/EIA/IS-2000) CDMA2000 1X Advanced
Other	WiDEN DECT

3G (1998)
IMT-2000 (2001)

3GPP family	UMTS UTRA-FDD / W-CDMA FOMA UTRA-TDD LCR / TD-SCDMA UTRA-TDD HCR / TD-CDMA
3GPP2 family	CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Release 0 (TIA/IS-856)

3G transitional
(3.5G, 3.75G, 3.9G)

3GPP family	HSPA HSDPA HSUPA HSPA+ DC-HSDPA LTE (E-UTRA)
3GPP2 family	CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Revision A (TIA/EIA/IS-856-A) EV-DO Revision B (TIA/EIA/IS-856-B) EV-DO Revision C
IEEE family	Mobile WiMAX IEEE 802.16e Flash-OFDM iBurst (IEEE 802.20) WiBro
ETSI family	HiperMAN