Ernst Krenkel Observatory
Former Soviet rocket launch site on Heiss Island, Franz Josef Land
Ernst Krenkel Observatory (Russian: Обсерватория имени Эрнста Кренкеля), also known as Kheysa, was a former Soviet rocket launching site located on Heiss Island, Franz Josef Land.[1] It is named after a famous Arctic explorer Ernst Krenkel, a member of the crew of the North Pole-1 drift ice station and other notable Soviet polar expeditions.
It served the MR-12 from 1956 to 1980 for the start of research in rocketry.[2]
Climate
| Climate data for Ernst Krenkel Observatory, Heiss Island | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 1.9 (35.4) | 0.0 (32.0) | 1.6 (34.9) | 0.7 (33.3) | 2.6 (36.7) | 8.0 (46.4) | 10.3 (50.5) | 8.4 (47.1) | 5.6 (42.1) | 3.8 (38.8) | 1.3 (34.3) | 1.7 (35.1) | 10.3 (50.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −19.2 (−2.6) | −19.5 (−3.1) | −19.4 (−2.9) | −15.6 (3.9) | −6.5 (20.3) | 0.1 (32.2) | 2.1 (35.8) | 1.4 (34.5) | −1.2 (29.8) | −8.1 (17.4) | −13.9 (7.0) | −18.4 (−1.1) | −9.9 (14.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −22.7 (−8.9) | −23.1 (−9.6) | −23 (−9) | −18.7 (−1.7) | −8.7 (16.3) | −1.4 (29.5) | 0.7 (33.3) | 0.1 (32.2) | −2.7 (27.1) | −10.4 (13.3) | −17.4 (0.7) | −21.8 (−7.2) | −12.4 (9.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −26.2 (−15.2) | −26.5 (−15.7) | −26.5 (−15.7) | −21.6 (−6.9) | −10.8 (12.6) | −2.8 (27.0) | −0.3 (31.5) | −1.0 (30.2) | −4.2 (24.4) | −12.9 (8.8) | −20.3 (−4.5) | −25.1 (−13.2) | −14.9 (5.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −42.1 (−43.8) | −44.4 (−47.9) | −43.5 (−46.3) | −39.6 (−39.3) | −27.7 (−17.9) | −12.3 (9.9) | −4.3 (24.3) | −8.5 (16.7) | −23.2 (−9.8) | −32.3 (−26.1) | −39.5 (−39.1) | −41.5 (−42.7) | −44.4 (−47.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 32 (1.3) | 31 (1.2) | 20 (0.8) | 15 (0.6) | 13 (0.5) | 10 (0.4) | 18 (0.7) | 22 (0.9) | 26 (1.0) | 21 (0.8) | 24 (0.9) | 27 (1.1) | 259 (10.2) |
| Average rainy days | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 3 | 12 | 12 | 6 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0 | 34 |
| Average snowy days | 20 | 19 | 19 | 16 | 22 | 15 | 7 | 10 | 18 | 24 | 21 | 19 | 209 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 83 | 82 | 80 | 81 | 85 | 88 | 91 | 92 | 90 | 86 | 84 | 83 | 85 |
| Source: pogoda.ru.net[3] | |||||||||||||
References
- ^ "Kheysa". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on December 27, 2016. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
- ^ Here was previously a Soviet rocket launch site, now national park rangers move in. by Atle Staalesen in The Barents Observer (September 2018)
- ^ —Погода и Климат. Retrieved 17 November 2012.
External links
- ISLANDS Website
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Spaceports
| Asia |
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|---|---|
| Europe | |
| North America |
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| Oceania |
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| South America | |
| International waters |
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- Canada: Maritime Launch Services (Canso)
- India: Kulasekharapatnam
- Indonesia: LAPAN
- Japan: Airport extensions
- Sweden: Spaceport Sweden (Kiruna)
- United Kingdom: UKSA
- United States: Airport extensions
- Cecil, Florida
- Clinton-Sherman, Oklahoma
- Colorado Air and Space Port
- Ellington, Texas
- Midland, Texas
- United States: Other
- Spain: El Hierro
- Algeria / France: CIEES
- Hammaguir
- Reggane
- Australia: Carnarvon
- Canada: Churchill
- Hall Beach
- Resolute Bay
- China: Guangde
- Nanhui
- Nazi Germany: Blizna
- Greifswalder Oie
- Peenemünde
- Tuchola Forest
- Greece: Koroni
- India: Balasore
- Italy: Salto di Quirra
- Japan: Akita
- Nii-jima
- Obachi
- Ryori
- Kenya / Italy: Broglio, Malindi
- North Korea: Tonghae
- Soviet Union / Russia: Kheysa
- Okhotsk
- Svobodny
- Spain: El Arenosillo
- Sweden: Kronogård
- USA: Edwards
- WSSH
80°27′N 58°03′E / 80.450°N 58.050°E / 80.450; 58.050
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