Leuctridae

Family of stoneflies

Leuctridae
Temporal range: Tithonian–Recent
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Leuctridae sp.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Plecoptera
Superfamily: Nemouroidea
Family: Leuctridae
Klapálek, 1905

The Leuctridae are a family of stoneflies. They are known commonly as rolled-winged stoneflies[1] and needleflies.[2] This family contains at least 390 species.[3][4]

Description

These small stoneflies can reach a length of 5–13 mm (0.20–0.51 in), but most of the species are less than 1 centimeter long. The wings are slender and cylindrical, usually dark brown in color. At rest, the wings appear to be wrapping their bodies. The adults develop in early spring, swarm, mate, and lay the eggs in the water. The slender, yellowish larvae are herbivorous, feeding on plants and organic waste. [citation needed]

Distribution

The species of Leuctridae have a mainly Holarctic distribution.

Systematics

Leuctra inermis

Subfamilies, tribes, and genera include:[1][4]

  • Subfamily Leuctrinae Klapálek 1905
  1. Calileuctra Shepard & Baumann, 1995[5]
  2. Despaxia Ricker, 1943
  3. Leuctra (insect) Stephens, 1836
  4. Moselia Ricker, 1943
  5. Pachyleuctra Despax, 1929
  6. Paraleuctra Hanson, 1941
  7. Perlomyia Banks, 1906
  8. Pomoleuctra Stark & Kyzar, 2001[6]
  9. Rhopalopsole Klapálek, 1912
  10. Tyrrhenoleuctra Consiglio, 1957
  11. Zealeuctra Ricker, 1952
  • Subfamily Megaleuctrinae Zwick 1973 (monotypic)
  1. Megaleuctra Neave, 1934
  • Extinct genera
    • Genus †Baltileuctra Chen, 2018 Baltic amber, Eocene
    • Genus †Euroleuctra Chen, 2018 Baltic amber, Eocene
    • Genus †Lycoleuctra Sinitshenkova, 1987 Glushkovo Formation, Russia, Late Jurassic (Tithonian)
    • Genus †Rasnitsyrina Sinitshenkova, 2011 Ulaan-Ereg Formation, Mongolia, Late Jurassic (Tithonian) Khasurty, Russia, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
    • Genus †Palaeopsole Caruso and Wichard 2011 Baltic amber, Eocene

References

  1. ^ a b Leuctridae. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
  2. ^ Malcolm Storey. "PLECOPTERA (stoneflies)". BioImages - Virtual Field-Guide (UK). Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  3. ^ Qian, Y. H., Li, H. L., & Du, Y. Z. (2014). A Study of Leuctridae (Insecta: Plecoptera) from Shennongjia, Hubei Province, China. Florida Entomologist 97(2), 605-610.
  4. ^ a b DeWalt, R.E.; Maehr, M.D.; Neu-Becker, U.; Stueber, G. (2019). "family Leuctridae". Plecoptera species file online, Version 5.0. Retrieved 2019-06-11.
  5. ^ Shepard, W. D. and R. W. Baumann. 1995. Calileuctra, a new genus, and two new species of stoneflies from California (Plecoptera: Leuctridae). Great Basin Naturalist 55: 124-133.
  6. ^ Stark, B. P. & Kyzar, J. W. (2001). Systematics of Nearctic Paraleuctra with description of a new genus (Plecoptera: Leuctridae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 144(1), 119-135.

External links

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Extant Plecoptera families
Antarctoperlaria (basal lineages)
Eusthenioidea
Leptoperloidea
Suborder Arctoperlaria
basal
  • Scopuridae
Euholognatha
  • Capniidae (small winter stoneflies)
  • Leuctridae (rolled-winged stoneflies)
  • Nemouridae (spring stoneflies or tiny winter blacks)
  • Notonemouridae
  • Taeniopterygidae (willowflies or winter stoneflies)
Systellognatha
  • Chloroperlidae (green stoneflies)
  • Perlidae (common stoneflies)
  • Perlodidae (stripetails or springflies)
  • Peltoperlidae (roachlike stoneflies)
  • Styloperlidae
  • Pteronarcyidae (giant stoneflies or salmonflies)
Taxon identifiers
Leuctridae


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