List of Phoenician cities
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This is a list of cities and colonies of Phoenicia in modern-day Lebanon, coastal Syria, northern Israel and Palestine, as well as cities founded or developed by the Phoenicians in Eastern Mediterranean area, North Africa, Southern Europe, and the islands of the Mediterranean Sea.
Levant
Lebanon
- Tyre - One of the two leading-city states of Phoenicia and one of the most important ports in ancient Phoenicia, and Lebanon today.
- Sydon - One of the two leading city-states of Phoenicia
- Ampi
- Amia
- Arqa
- Baalbek
- Botrys
- Berut
- Gebal - One of the oldest sites of civilization
- Sarepta
- Tripoli, Lebanon
Syria
Israel
- Achziv
- Acre
- Atlit
- Belus
- Crocodeilopolis
- Dora
- Elyakhin
- Kabri
- Michal
- Haifa - Tel Shikmona
- Jaffa
- Reshef
- Stratonos pyrgos
- Tell Abu Hawam
- Tel Mevorakh
Eastern Mediterranean
Turkey
- Myriandus - in modern-day Turkey
- Sam'al - Cilicia; in modern-day Turkey. Fortress city protecting the trade route to Anatolia
- Karatepe
- Finike - historically known as Phoenicus
- Rhosos - according Malalas chronograpyh that city was founded by Cilix, son of Agenor the Phoenician King.
Cyprus
North Africa
Algeria
Libya
- Oea
- Sabratha
- Leptis Magna - major city on the Libyan coastline
- Tripoli - capital
Morocco
- Lixus
- Mogador
- Tangier
- Mehidya (ancient Thymaterion)
- El-Jadida (ancient Gytte)
- Oualidia (ancient Melitta)
- Agadir
Morocco or Mauritania
- Cerne (Unknown whether Cerne was in Morocco or Mauritania)
Tunisia
- Carthage - the most powerful of the Phoenician settlements, eventually being destroyed by the Romans
- Utica - earliest settlement in Africa
- Hippo Diarrhytus - now Bizerte, the northernmost city in Africa
- Hadrumetum
- Ruspina
- Leptis Parva
- Thapsus
- Kerkouane
- Zama Regia - the last place Hannibal fought and the place where his first and only major defeat occurred
- Vaga
Europe / Elsewhere
France
Italy
- Motya
- Soluntum
- Lilybaeum, also known as Marsala
- Lampas (ancient city) (Lampedusa)
- Kosyra (Pantelleria)
- Nora
- Sulcis
- Tharros
- Olbia
- Cagliari- capital of Sardinia
- Palermo- capital of Sicily
Malta
Portugal
Spain
- Cádiz also known as Gades - earliest Phoenician settlement in Spain
- Cartagena - the capital city founded by Hamilcar Barca of Carthage after conquering the Iberian tribes
- Kartuba
- Almuñécar
- Rusadir
- La Fonteta (Guardamar del Segura)
- Trayamar
- Baria-Villaricos
- Abdera
- Málaga
- Huelva
- Ibiza
- Lebrija
- San Roque
- Barcelona
Sources
- Phoenicia - From the Encyclopedia of the Orient
References
- ^ Peter Whitfield (2005). Cities of the World: A History in Maps. University of California Press. p. 99. ISBN 978-0-520-24725-3.
- ^ Nathan Laughlin Pilkington (2013). An Archaeological History of Carthaginian Imperialism. Academic Commons, Columbia.edu (Thesis). Columbia University. p. 170. doi:10.7916/D80G3SCF. Retrieved 19 August 2014.
- ^ David Wright; Patrick Swift (1 January 1971). Lisbon: a portrait and a guide. Barrie and Jenkins. p. 150. ISBN 978-0-214-65309-4.
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Phoenician cities and colonies- Camarata
- Cartennae (Tenes)
- Hippo Regius
- Icosium (Algiers)
- Igilgili (Jijel)
- Iol (Cherchell)
- Iomnium (Tigzirt)
- Cirta (Constantine)
- Kissi (Djinet)
- Macomades
- Malaca
- Rachgoun
- Rusazus (Azeffoun)
- Rusguniae (Tamentfoust)
- Rusicade (Skikda)
- Rusippisir (Taksebt)
- Rusubbicari (Zemmouri El Bahri)
- Rusuccuru (Dellys)
- Sarai (Aïn Oulmene)
- Thagora (Taoura)
- Tipasa in Mauretania
- Tipasa in Numidia
- Timici
- Maleth (Cospicua)
- Ann (Mdina)
- Gaulos (Gozo)
- Għajn Qajjet
- Mtarfa
- Ras il-Wardija
- Tas-Silġ
- Azama (Azemmour)
- Arambys (Mogador)
- Caricus Murus
- Heq she Elisha (Ksar es-Seghir)
- Likush (Larache)
- Shalat (Chellah)
- Tamusida
- Tinga (Tangier)
- Anfa (Casablanca)
- Volubilis 1
- Mogador
- Rusadir
- Oualidia
- Zilil
- Gadir
- Sala
- Thymiaterium
- Rusibis
- Portus Hannibalis
- Portus Magonis (Portimão)
- Olissipona (Lisbon)
- Ossonoba (Faro)
- Balsa (Tavira)
