Olympian 5

Olympian 5, 'For Psaumis of Camarina', is an ode by the 5th century BC Greek poet Pindar.^[1]

Background

The race with the mule-car was introduced at Olympia in 500 BC, and put down by proclamation in 444.^[1] The present Ode was probably composed for a victory won by Psaumis with the mule-car in 448.^[1] Such a car is implied by the term ἀπήνας, in line 3.^[1]

Summary

The nymph of Camarina is asked to accept the worship of Psaumis, who has done her honour by his victories (1–6).^[1] On his return from Olympia, he celebrates the holy grove of Pallas and the local lake, and the two rivers; and also, by swiftly building a forest of lofty houses, brings his people out of perplexity (9–14).^[2]

Toil and cost are involved, while the mere chance of victory is in view, but success makes even fellow-citizens give a victor credit for wisdom (15, 16).^[3]

May Zeus Soter of Olympia bless Camarina, and permit Psaumis to reach a hale old age, while he rejoices in victorious steeds. Let him be content with health, wealth, and renown (17-24).^[3]

Analysis

Some suppose that Olympian 4 and Olympian 5 both refer to the same victory, namely a victory with the mule-car, which was possibly won in 456, four years before the victory with the horse-chariot of 452, recorded in two MSS.^[1] On this view, Olympian 4 was sung in the festal procession, and Olympian 5 at the banquet.^[1] A scholium in the Ambrosian and five other MSS states that Olympian 5 was not in the original texts (ἐν τοῖς ἐδαφίοις), but was nevertheless assigned to Pindar in the annotations of the Alexandrian grammarian, Didymus.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Sandys, ed. 1915, p. 46.
^ Sandys, ed. 1915, pp. 46–7.
^ ^a ^b Sandys, ed. 1915, p. 47.

Sources

Grenfell, Bernard P., ed. (1899). The Oxyrhynchus Papyri. Vol. 2. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 90.

Attribution:

Sandys, John, ed. (1915). The Odes of Pindar, including the Principal Fragments. Loeb Classical Library. New York: The Macmillan Co. pp. 40–45. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.