Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus

Type of Alphacoronavirus affecting swine

Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus
Virus classification
(unranked):	Virus
Realm:	Riboviria
Kingdom:	Orthornavirae
Phylum:	Pisuviricota
Class:	Pisoniviricetes
Order:	Nidovirales
Family:	Coronaviridae
Genus:	Alphacoronavirus
Subgenus:	Rhinacovirus
Virus:	Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus

Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) is a coronavirus related to Rhinolophus bat coronavirus HKU2. It is transmitted through the feces of horseshoe bats to pigs. Piglets less than 5 days old die with a probability of up to 90%.^[1]

The first outbreak appeared in 2017,^[2] where it caused the death of more than 24,000 piglets on 4 farms. In 2018 and 2019, the virus re-emerged in China, but there were not large-scale losses.^[2] This weak re-emergence is curious, and is reminiscent of how SARS emerged in 2003 and then disappeared.^[2]

During in vitro testing, human and monkey cell lines exposed to SADS-CoV became infected, suggesting that SADS-CoV may pose a risk to human health.^[2]

The SADS-CoV sampled from one of the first infected pig farms was found to be 95% genetically identical to one collected from horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus), "indicating the bat origin of the pig virus".^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b Cui, Jie; Li, Fang; Shi, Zheng-Li (2018-12-10). "Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses". Nature Reviews. Microbiology. 17 (3): 181–192. doi:10.1038/s41579-018-0118-9. ISSN 1740-1526. PMC 7097006. PMID 30531947.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Yang, Yong-Le; Yu, Jia-Qi; Huang, Yao-Wei (2020-05-16). "Swine enteric alphacoronavirus (swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus): An update three years after its discovery". Virus Research. 285: 198024. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198024. ISSN 0168-1702. PMC 7229464. PMID 32482591.