Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic

1924–1929 autonomous republic in the Uzbek SSR, Soviet Union
Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
Таджикскаи Автономная Социалистическая Советская Республика (Russian)
Çumhuriji Muxtori Şūraviji Sotsialistiji Toçikston (Tajik)[a][b]
ASSR of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic
1924–1929
Flag of Tajik ASSR
Flag
Coat of arms of Tajik ASSR
Coat of arms

Location of the Tajik ASSR within the Uzbek SSR
CapitalDushanbe
 • TypeSoviet republic (system of government)
History 
• Established
14 October 1924
• Disestablished
October 1929
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Turkestan ASSR
Tajik SSR
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The Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Tajik ASSR) was an autonomous republic within the Uzbek SSR in the Soviet Union. It was created on 14 October 1924 by a series of legal acts that partitioned the three existing regional entities in Central Asia – Turkestan ASSR, Bukharan People's Soviet Republic, and Khorezm People's Soviet Republic – into five new entities based on ethnic principles: Uzbek SSR, Turkmen SSR, Tajik ASSR (within Uzbek SSR), Kara-Kirghiz Autonomous Oblast (as a province of Russian SFSR), and Karakalpak Autonomous Oblast (as a province of Kazak ASSR).

The capital of Tajik ASSR was in Dyushambe (today known as Dushanbe). In October 1929, under the initiative of Shirinsho Shotemur, the Tajik ASSR was transformed into a full-fledged Soviet Socialist Republic and became Tajik SSR, which additionally absorbed the Khujand region (today's Sughd Province in northern Tajikistan) from Uzbek SSR. The capital Dyushambe was renamed Stalinabad in honor of Joseph Stalin.

Like in other Soviet Socialist Republics, the processes of industrialization and collectivization started in 1927 and continued until the end of the 1930s. Terror was often used to coerce farmers into forced collectivization, and this led to anti-government resistance in the years spanning from 1930 to 1936. Stalinist purges hit many members of the Communist Party of Tajikistan, and this led to the elimination of around 10,000 people (70% of the Party members). The people of Tajikistan suffered also from forced relocation: in the 1950s-1960s, inhabitants of the mountain regions of the country were deported to urban centers were workforce was needed, while in 1951–1952, 3,000 Basmachis were deported to Siberia.[1]

Notes

  1. ^ جمهوريت اجتماعی شوروى مختار تاجيكستان written in the Persian alphabet, then obsolete and disused during Soviet times.
  2. ^ Ҷумҳурии Мухтори Шӯравии Сотсиалистии Тоҷикистон written in the Cyrillic script, which hadn't been used during this time period.

References

  1. ^ "Tajikistan". Tajikistan | Communist Crimes. Retrieved 2020-08-15.

Further reading

  • B. A. Antonenko, ed. (1983). History of Tajik SSR (in Russian). Dushanbe: Maorif Publ. House.
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By name
By year
established
   

1918–1924  Turkestan3
1918–1941  Volga German4
1919–1990  Bashkir
1920–1925  Kirghiz2
1920–1990  Tatar
1921–1991  Adjarian
1921–1945  Crimean
1921–1991  Dagestan
1921–1924  Mountain

1921–1990  Nakhichevan
1922–1991  Yakut
1923–1990  Buryat1
1923–1940  Karelian
1924–1940  Moldavian
1924–1929  Tajik
1925–1992  Chuvash5
1925–1936  Kazakh2
1926–1936  Kirghiz

1931–1992  Abkhaz
1932–1992  Karakalpak
1934–1990  Mordovian
1934–1990  Udmurt6
1935–1943  Kalmyk
1936–1944  Checheno-Ingush
1936–1944  Kabardino-Balkarian
1936–1990  Komi
1936–1990  Mari

1936–1990  North Ossetian
1944–1957  Kabardin
1956–1991  Karelian
1957–1992  Checheno-Ingush
1957–1991  Kabardino-Balkarian
1958–1990  Kalmyk
1961–1992  Tuvan
1990–1991  Gorno-Altai
1991–1992  Crimean

  • 1 Buryat–Mongol until 1958.
  • 2 Kazakh ASSR was called Kirghiz ASSR until 1925
  • 3 Autonomous Republic since 1920
  • 4 Autonomous Republic since 1923
  • 5 Autonomous Republic since 1925
  • 6 Autonomous Republic since 1934


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