Ammonium phosphate

Ammonium phosphate[1]
Ball-and-stick model of three ammonium cations and one phosphate anion
Names
IUPAC name
ammonium phosphate
Other names
triammonium phosphate
Identifiers
CAS Number
  • 10361-65-6  checkY
3D model (JSmol)
  • Interactive image
ChemSpider
  • 140090 checkY
ECHA InfoCard 100.030.709 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 269-789-9
PubChem CID
  • 159282
UNII
  • 2ZJF06M0I9 ☒N
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
  • DTXSID8052778 Edit this at Wikidata
InChI
  • InChI=1S/3H3N.H3O4P/c;;;1-5(2,3)4/h3*1H3;(H3,1,2,3,4) checkY
    Key: ZRIUUUJAJJNDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/3H3N.H3O4P/c;;;1-5(2,3)4/h3*1H3;(H3,1,2,3,4)
    Key: ZRIUUUJAJJNDSS-UHFFFAOYAA
  • [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+]
Properties
Chemical formula
 (NH4)3PO4
Molar mass 149.09 g/mol
Appearance White, tetrahedral crystals
Solubility in water
 58.0 g/100 mL (25 °C)
Solubility Insoluble in acetone[2]
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
 GHS07: Exclamation mark
Warning
Hazard statements
 H302, H319
Precautionary statements
 P264, P270, P280, P301+P312, P305+P351+P338, P330, P337+P313, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
2
0
0
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298)
 −1671.9 kJ/mol
Related compounds
Other cations
 Trisodium phosphate
Tripotassium phosphate
Related compounds
 Diammonium phosphate
Monoammonium phosphate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references
Chemical compound

Ammonium phosphate is the inorganic compound with the formula (NH4)3PO4. It is the ammonium salt of orthophosphoric acid. A related "double salt", (NH4)3PO4.(NH4)2HPO4 is also recognized but is impractical to use. Both triammonium salts evolve ammonia. In contrast to the unstable nature of the triammonium salts, the diammonium phosphate (NH4)2HPO4 and monoammonium salt (NH4)H2PO4 are stable materials that are commonly used as fertilizers to provide plants with fixed nitrogen and phosphorus.[3]

Preparation of triammonium phosphate

Triammonium phosphate can be prepared in the laboratory by treating 85% phosphoric acid with 30% ammonia solution:[citation needed]

H3PO4 + 3 NH3 → (NH4)3PO4

(NH4)3PO4 is a colorless, crystalline solid. The solid, which has the odor of ammonia, is readily soluble in water. The salt converts to diammonium hydrogen phosphate (NH4)2HPO4.

See also

References

  1. ^ Lide, David R. (1998). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. 4–42, 5–19. ISBN 978-0-8493-0594-8.
  2. ^ John Rumble (June 18, 2018). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (99th ed.). CRC Press. pp. 4–41. ISBN 978-1138561632.
  3. ^ Schrödter, Klaus; Bettermann, Gerhard; Staffel, Thomas; Wahl, Friedrich; Klein, Thomas; Hofmann, Thomas (2008). "Phosphoric Acid and Phosphates". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a19_465.pub3. ISBN 978-3527306732.
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Ammonium salts
Inorganic salts
monatomic anions
  • NH4F
  • (NH4)2S
  • NH4Cl
  • (NH4)2Se
  • NH4Br
  • NH4I
oxyanions
  • NH4NO2
  • NH4NO3
  • (NH4)2CO3
  • (NH4)4UO2(CO3)2
  • (NH4)HCO3
  • NH4OCN
  • (NH4)3PO4
  • (NH4)2HPO4
  • (NH4)H2PO4
  • (NH4PO4)n(OH)2
  • NH4NaHPO4
  • (NH4)2SO3
  • (NH4)2SO4
  • (NH4)Al(SO4)2·12H2O
  • (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6H2O
  • NH4Fe(SO4)2·12H2O
  • NH4SO3NH2
  • (NH4)HSO4
  • (NH4)2S2O8
  • (NH4)2S2O3
  • NH4ClO3
  • NH4ClO4
  • NH4VO3
  • (NH4)2CrO4
  • (NH4)2Cr2O7
  • NH4MnO4
  • (NH4)3AsO4
  • (NH4)2MoO4
  • (NH4)6Mo7O24
  • (NH4)3Mo12PO40
  • NH4IO3
  • (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6
  • (NH4)8Ce2(SO4)8·4H2O
  • (NH4)10H2W12O42·4H2O
  • NH4ReO4
other anions
  • NH4BF4
  • NH4N3
  • NH4CN
  • (NH4)HF2
  • (NH4)3AlF6
  • (NH4)SiF6
  • (NH4)HS
  • NH4SCN
  • (NH4)2ZnCl4
  • (NH4)2MoS4
  • NH4I3
  • (NH4)2TeCl6
  • (NH4)2IrCl6
  • (NH4)2PtCl6
Organic salts
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H3PO4 He
Li3PO4 Be BPO4
+BO3 		C (NH4)3PO4
-N 		O +F Ne
Na3PO4 Mg3(PO4)2 AlPO4 Si P +SO4
-S 		Cl Ar
K3PO4 Ca3(PO4)2 ScPO4 Ti VPO4 CrPO4 Mn3(PO4)2
MnPO4 		Fe3(PO4)2
FePO4 		Co3(PO4)2 Ni3(PO4)2 Cu3(PO4)2 Zn3(PO4)2 GaPO4 Ge As -Se Br Kr
Rb3PO4 Sr3(PO4)2 YPO4 Zr3(PO4)4 Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag3PO4 Cd3(PO4)2 InPO4 Sn Sb Te I Xe
Cs3PO4 Ba3(PO4)2 * LuPO4 Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt AuPO4 Hg Tl3PO4 Pb3(PO4)2 BiPO4 Po At Rn
Fr Ra ** Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
 
* LaPO4 CePO4 PrPO4 NdPO4 PmPO4 SmPO4 EuPO4 GdPO4 TbPO4 DyPO4 HoPO4 ErPO4 TmPO4 YbPO4
** AcPO4 Th3(PO4)4 Pa U(PO4)2 Np PuPO4 AmPO4 CmPO4 Bk Cf Es Fm Md No
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