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Buhumuza

Buhumuza
Province
Market in Cankuzo, the capital of Buhumuza
Market in Cankuzo, the capital of Buhumuza
Location of Buhumuza in Burundi
Location of Buhumuza in Burundi
Coordinates: 3°00′S 30°30′E / 3°S 30.5°E / -3; 30.5
Country Burundi
CapitalCankuzo
Government
 • GovernorDénise Ndaruhekeye (CNDD-FDD)
Area
[1]
 • Total
5,931 km2 (2,290 sq mi)
Population
 (2024 census)[1]
 • Total
2,052,261
 • Density350/km2 (900/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+2 (CAT)

Buhumuza is the least populous of Burundi's five provinces. It covers an area of 5,931 square kilometres (2,290 sq mi) and recorded a population of 2,052,261 in the 2024 Burundian census.[1] The province's capital is Cankuzo,[2] while Muyinga is its largest town, reporting a population of 9,609 in the 2008 Burundian census.[3]

Geography

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Located in eastern Burundi, Buhumuza borders the Burundian provinces of Burunga, Gitega and Butanyerera to the southwest, west and northwest respectively, Rwanda's Eastern Province to the north, and Tanzania's Kagera Region and Kigoma Region to the northeast and southeast respectively. Buhumuza's topography is characterized by a series of alternating lowlands and highlands: from north to south, these are the Bugesera Depression, Bweru plateau, the Ruvubu River valley, the Buyogoma plateau, and the Moso lowlands.[4]

Ruvubu National Park, Burundi's largest national park, protects the Ruvubu river valley which crosses the province from southwest to northeast.[5] Gisagara Protected Landscape is located in the eastern part of the province near the Tanzanian border.[6][7]

History

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On 16 March 2023, President of Burundi Évariste Ndayishimiye signed into law a reorganization of Burundi's administrative divisions,[2] which included the reduction of Burundi's provinces from eighteen to five.[8] Buhumuza was created from the former provinces of Cankuzo, Muyinga and Ruyigi.[8] The new provinces took effect with Burundi's 2025 parliamentary and local elections. Buhumuza's first governor Dénise Ndaruhekeye was sworn in on 4 July 2025.[9][10]

Buhumuza is an old place name in eastern Burundi.[11] During the colonial era it was the name of a chiefdom in the territory of Ruyigi.[12]

Communes

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Buhumuza is divided into seven communes: Butaganzwa, Butihinda, Cankuzo, Gisagara, Gisuru, Muyinga, and Ruyigi.[2]

Infrastructure

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Paved roads connect the towns of Cankuzo, Muyinga and Ruyigi.[8] A 220 kV overhead power line extends 160 kilometres (99 mi) from Rusumo Hydroelectric Power Station on Kagera River on the Rwanda–Tanzania border to Muyinga and onwards to Gitega.[13]

References

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  1. ^ a b c Brinkhoff, Thomas (7 June 2025). "Burundi: Administrative Division". City Population. Retrieved 2 August 2025.
  2. ^ a b c Ndayishimiye, Évariste (16 March 2023). "Loi Organique N° 1/05 du 16 Mars 2023 portant détermination et délimitation des provinces, des communes, des zones, des collines et/ou quartiers de la République du Burundi" (in French). CENI Burundi. Retrieved 2 August 2025.
  3. ^ Brinkhoff, Thomas (8 June 2025). "Burundi". City Population. Retrieved 2 August 2025.
  4. ^ Duchaufour, Hervé (2012). "Aspects socio-économiques et démographiques du développement durable de la société rurale du Burundi" [Socio-economic and demographic aspects of sustainable development of Burundiʼs rural society]. Lutte antiérosive (in French). IRD Éditions. doi:10.4000/books.irdeditions.12419. Retrieved 2 August 2025 – via OpenEdition Books.
  5. ^ Nzigiyimpa, Léonidas; Niyongabo, Joseph (January 2017). Evaluation de l’Efficacité de Gestion des Aires Protégées du Burundi avec l’outil IMET - Année 2015 (PDF) (Report) (in French). Office Burundais pour la Protection de l’Environnement. p. 15. Retrieved 2 August 2025.
  6. ^ "Paysage Protégé de Gisagara". Biodiversité du Burundi (in French). Convention on Biological Diversity. Retrieved 2 August 2025.
  7. ^ "Gisagara". World Database on Protected Areas. Protected Planet. Retrieved 2 August 2025.
  8. ^ a b c "Projet de loi organique portant délimitation des provinces, des communes, des zones, des collines/quartiers de la République du Burundi" (PDF). Senate of Burundi. Retrieved 2 August 2025.
  9. ^ "Senate approves Five New Provincial Governors After Major Administrative Reform". Breaking Burundi. 4 July 2025. Retrieved 2 August 2025.
  10. ^ Manirakiza, Patrick (6 July 2025). "Burundi's new Governors sworn in following major provincial reforms". Burundi Times. Retrieved 2 August 2025.
  11. ^ Lejeune, G.; Ntazukura, G. (1981). "Famine et disette en Buhumuza ancien". Culture et Société (in French). 4. Centre de civilisation burundaise: 98.
  12. ^ Gahama, Joseph (2001). Le Burundi sous administration belge: la période du mandat 1919-1939 (in French) (2nd ed.). Éditions Karthala. pp. 92, 108. ISBN 2-86537-089-5. Retrieved 2 August 2025.
  13. ^ "Power grids of Burundi, Rwanda, and Tanzania Interconnected and synchronized through Rusumo project, in March 2024". Nile Basin Initiative. 16 August 2024. Retrieved 2 August 2025.