Calcarine sulcus

Anatomical landmark in the brain of humans and other primates

Calcarine sulcus
Medial surface of left cerebral hemisphere. ("Cricoid fissure" visible at left.)
Coronal section through posterior cornua of lateral ventricle. (Label for "Calcarine fissure" visible at bottom.
Details
Part of	Occipital lobe
Artery	calcarine branch of medial occipital artery
Identifiers
Latin	sulcus calcarinus, fissura calcarina
NeuroNames	44
NeuroLex ID	birnlex_1086
TA98	A14.1.09.225
TA2	5486
FMA	83749
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]

The calcarine sulcus (or calcarine fissure) is an anatomical landmark located at the caudal end of the medial surface of the brain of humans and other primates. Its name comes from the Latin "calcar" meaning "spur". It is very deep, and known as a complete sulcus.

Structure

The calcarine sulcus begins near the occipital pole in two converging rami.^[1] It runs forward to a point a little below the splenium of the corpus callosum. Here, it is joined at an acute angle by the medial part of the parieto-occipital sulcus.^[1] The anterior part of this sulcus gives rise to the prominence of the calcar avis in the posterior cornu of the lateral ventricle. The cuneus is above the calcarine sulcus, while the lingual gyrus is below it.^[2]^[3]

Development

In humans, the calcarine sulcus usually becomes visible between 20 weeks and 28 weeks of gestation.^[4]

Function

The calcarine sulcus is associated with the visual cortex.^[5] It is where the primary visual cortex (V1) is concentrated.^[2]^[6] The central visual field is located in the posterior portion of the calcarine sulcus, and the peripheral visual field is located in the anterior portion.

History

The name of the calcarine sulcus comes from the Latin "calcar" meaning "spur".^[7]

Additional images

Position of the calcarine sulcus (shown in red).
Calcarine fissure (shown in red).
Calcarine sulcus highlighted in Brodmann Area 17, lateral and medial views.
Medial surface of cerebral cortex - gyri

References

^ ^a ^b Johns, Paul (2014). "3 - Functional neuroanatomy". Clinical Neuroscience. Churchill Livingstone. pp. 27–47. doi:10.1016/B978-0-443-10321-6.00003-5. ISBN 978-0-443-10321-6.
^ ^a ^b Swenson, R. S.; Gulledge, A. T. (2016). "12 - The Cerebral Cortex". Conn's Translational Neuroscience. Academic Press. pp. 263–288. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-802381-5.00021-X. ISBN 978-0-12-802381-5. S2CID 151575657.
^ Wen, Hung Tzu; Rhoton, Albert L.; Mussi, Antonio C. M. (2017). "2 - Surgical Anatomy of the Brain". Youmans and Winn Neurological Surgery (7th ed.). Elsevier. pp. 49–75. ISBN 9780323341493.
^ "Embryology and Anatomy of the Brain". Diagnostic Imaging: Obstetrics - Diagnostic Imaging (3rd ed.). Elsevier. 2016. pp. 68–83. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-39256-3.50023-6. ISBN 978-0-323-39256-3.
^ Osborne, Benjamin J.; Liu, Grant T.; Newman, Nancy J. (2007). "8 - Cranial Nerve II and Afferent Visual Pathways". Textbook of Clinical Neurology (3rd ed.). Saunders. pp. 113–132. doi:10.1016/B978-141603618-0.10008-6. ISBN 978-1-4160-3618-0.
^ Cechetto, David F.; Topolovec, Jane C. (2002). "Cerebral Cortex". Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology - Encyclopedia of the Human Brain. Academic Press. pp. 663–679. doi:10.1016/B0-12-227210-2/00087-X. ISBN 978-0-12-227210-3.
^ "Anatomy Glossary". www.anatomy.usyd.edu.au. Archived from the original on 2015-09-02. Retrieved 2011-04-09.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Calcarine sulcus.

"Anatomy diagram: 13048.000-3". Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator. Elsevier. Archived from the original on 2012-07-22.
https://web.archive.org/web/20090310124713/http://www2.umdnj.edu/~neuro/studyaid/Practical2000/Q31.htm
Atlas image: eye_38 at the University of Michigan Health System - "The Visual Pathway from Below"
NIF Search - Calcarine Fissure via the Neuroscience Information Framework

Anatomy of the cerebral cortex of the human brain

Frontal lobe

Superolateral

Prefrontal	Superior frontal gyrus 4 6 8 Middle frontal gyrus 9 10 46 Inferior frontal gyrus: 11 47-Pars orbitalis Broca's area 44-Pars opercularis 45-Pars triangularis Superior frontal sulcus Inferior frontal sulcus
Precentral	Precentral gyrus Precentral sulcus

Medial/inferior

Prefrontal	Superior frontal gyrus 4 6 Medial frontal gyrus 8 9 Paraterminal gyrus/Paraolfactory area 12 Straight gyrus 11 Orbital gyri/Orbitofrontal cortex 10 11 12 Ventromedial prefrontal cortex 10 Subcallosal area 25 Olfactory sulcus Orbital sulcus
Precentral	Paracentral lobule 4 Paracentral sulcus

Both

Parietal lobe

Superolateral	Superior parietal lobule 5 7 Inferior parietal lobule 40-Supramarginal gyrus 39-Angular gyrus Parietal operculum 43 Intraparietal sulcus
Medial/inferior	Paracentral lobule 1 2 3 5 Precuneus 7 Marginal sulcus
Both	Postcentral gyrus/Primary somatosensory cortex 3, 1 and 2 Secondary somatosensory cortex 5 Posterior parietal cortex 7

Occipital lobe

Superolateral	Occipital pole of cerebrum Occipital gyri Lateral occipital gyrus 18 19 Lunate sulcus Transverse occipital sulcus
Medial/inferior	Visual cortex 17 Cuneus Lingual gyrus Calcarine sulcus

Temporal lobe

Superolateral	Transverse temporal gyrus/Auditory cortex 41 and 42 Superior temporal gyrus 38 22/Wernicke's area (Planum temporale) Superior temporal sulcus Middle temporal gyrus 21
Medial/inferior	Occipitotemporal sulcus Fusiform gyrus 37 Medial temporal lobe 27 28 34 35 36 Inferior temporal sulcus Inferior temporal gyrus 20

Interlobar
sulci/fissures

Superolateral	Central (frontal+parietal) Lateral (frontal+parietal+temporal) Parieto-occipital Preoccipital notch
Medial/inferior	Longitudinal fissure Cingulate (frontal+cingulate) Collateral (temporal+occipital) Callosal sulcus

Limbic lobe

Parahippocampal gyrus	anterior Entorhinal cortex Perirhinal cortex Postrhinal cortex Posterior parahippocampal gyrus Prepyriform area
Cingulate cortex/gyrus	Subgenual area 25 Anterior cingulate 24 32 33 Posterior cingulate 23 31 Isthmus of cingulate gyrus: Retrosplenial cortex 26 29 30
Hippocampal formation	Hippocampal sulcus Fimbria of hippocampus Dentate gyrus Rhinal sulcus
Other	Indusium griseum Uncus Amygdala