Mamure Castle
the public
Byzantine Empire
Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia
Seljuk Empire
Mamure Castle (Turkish: Mamure Kalesi) is a medieval castle in the Bozdoğan village, Anamur ilçe (district) of Mersin Province, Turkey.
Geography
The castle is on the Mediterranean coast about 36°04′51″N 32°53′40″E / 36.08083°N 32.89444°E / 36.08083; 32.89444, on the D400 highway, 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) east of Anamur and 216 kilometres (134 mi) west of Mersin.
History
Designed to protect against pirates, it was repaired during the Byzantine era and during the Crusades. When Alaattin Keykubat I of Seljuk Turks captured the ruins of the castle in 1221, he built a larger castle using elements of the earlier fortifications. Later, it was controlled by the Karamanid dynasty (which was a Turkmen principality in Anatolia). Although the exact date is uncertain, according to an inscription by İbrahim II of Karaman in 1450, the castle was captured during Mahmut's reign (1300–1311). The castle was renamed as Mamure (prosperous) after repairs by Mahmut.[1] In 1469, the castle was annexed by the Ottoman Empire.[2] It was subsequently repaired in the 15th, 16th and 18th centuries and a part of the castle was used as a caravansarai.
Architecture
The 23,500-square-metre (253,000 sq ft) castle is surrounded by moat. Its 39 towers and bastions are connected by wide ramparts.[3] The castle has three main courtyards; to the west, the east and the south. The western courtyard contains a small complex of a single minaret mosque and a ruined Turkish bath. The southern courtyard has the remains of a lighthouse.
Cultural depiction
This castle appears to be the Kalendria on the coast of Cilicia depicted by William Henry Bartlett in 1836. See external links below for the image and an associated poetical illustration by Letitia Elizabeth Landon.[4] (However, the name Kalendria refers to Kalenderis, what is now Aydıncık, another town about 60 km east of Mamure)
Gallery
- 1838-38 Kalendria on the Coast of Cilicia
- Anamur Castle Main tower view
- Anamur Castle Main tower view
- Anamur Castle Main tower view
- Anamur Castle Outer castle Panorama
- Anamur Castle North side
- Anamur Castle Sea side
- Anamur Castle Inner courtyard Panorama
References
- ^ "Mersin - Anamur - Mamure Kalesi".
- ^ "Anamur - Mamure Castle".
- ^ "Hotel Mamure". Archived from the original on 2011-07-12. Retrieved 2011-02-21.
- ^ Landon, Letitia Elizabeth (1837). "poetical illustration". Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1838. Fisher, Son & Co.Landon, Letitia Elizabeth (1837). "picture". Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1838. Fisher, Son & Co.
External links
- https://web.archive.org/web/20011021064228/http://www.anamur.gen.tr/eng/indx.htm
- extensive photo series about the castle
- Many Mamure Castle photos from after the renovation works
- Kalendria.. An engraving of Bartlett's painting with a poetical illustration by Letitia Elizabeth Landon for Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1838.
- v
- t
- e
- Abbassus
- Abrostola
- Achaion Limen
- Acharaca
- Acmonia
- Acrassus
- Adramyttium
- Agatheira
- Aegae
- Airai
- Aizanoi
- Alabanda
- Alia
- Alinda
- Allianoi
- Almura
- Amnista
- Amorium
- Amos
- Amynanda
- Amyzon
- Anaua
- Anineta
- Annaea
- Antandrus
- Antioch on the Maeander
- Apamea in Phrygia
- Aphrodisias
- Apollonia in Mysia
- Apollonia Salbaces
- Apollonis
- Apollonos Hieron
- Appia
- Appolena
- Aragokome
- Araukome
- Arcadiopolis
- Arilla
- Aroma
- Aspaneus
- Astragon
- Astyra near Adramyttium
- Astyra near Pergamon
- Astyria
- Atarneus
- Atarneus sub Pitanem
- Attea
- Attuda
- Augustopolis
- Aulae
- Aurelia Neapolis
- Aureliopolis in Lydia
- Aurokra
- Bageis
- Bargasa
- Bargasa in northern Caria
- Bargylia
- Beudos
- Beycesultan
- Birgena
- Blaundus
- Bonitai
- Boukolion
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- Briula
- Bruzus
- Bybassus
- Cadi
- Callipolis
- Caloe
- Canae
- Carene
- Carmylessus
- Carura
- Caryanda
- Castabus
- Casystes
- Cedreae
- Celaenae
- Ceramus
- Chalcetor
- Choria
- Chrysaoris
- Chytrium
- Cidramus
- Cindye
- Cisthene
- Clannuda
- Claros
- Colophon
- Colossae
- Conium
- Coryphas
- Cybeleia
- Cyllandus
- Cyme
- Daldis
- Dareioukome
- Dideiphyta
- Didyma
- Digda
- Dioclea
- Dionysiopolis
- Dios Hieron in Ionia
- Dios Hieron in Lydia
- Dioskome
- Docimium
- Doroukome
- Eibeos
- Eiokome
- Elaea
- Eluza
- Embatum
- Emoddi
- Ephesus
- Erines
- Erythrae
- Erythras
- Etsyena
- Euaza
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- Euhippe
- Eumeneia
- Euromus
- Euthenae
- Euxine
- Gambrium
- Gerga
- Gergitha
- Gerriadai
- Glauke
- Gryneium
- Halicarnassus
- Halisarna
- Harpasa
- Helos
- Heraclea at Latmus
- Heraclea in Aeolis
- Heraclea in Lydia
- Heraclea Salbace
- Hermocapelia
- Hierapolis
- Hieropolis
- Hierocaesarea
- Homadena
- Hydai
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- Hydissus
- Hygassos
- Hyllarima
- Hypaepa
- Hypokremnos
- Hyrcanis
- Iasos
- Iaza
- Idyma
- Ioniapolis
- Ioudda
- Ipsus
- Isinda in Ionia
- Iskome
- Kadyie
- Kaira
- Kalabantia
- Kasara
- Kasossos
- Kaualena
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- Kaymakçı Tepe
- Kilaraza
- Kildara
- Klazomenai
- Kleimaka
- Kleros Politike
- Knidos
- Koddinou Petra
- Koraia
- Korakoe
- Koresa
- Kouara
- Kyllene
- Kymnissa
- Kys
- Labraunda
- Lagina
- Lalandos
- Lamyana
- Lankena
- Laodicea on the Lycus
- Larisa in Caria
- Larisa in Ionia
- Larisa in Lydia
- Larissa Phrikonis
- Larymna
- Lasnedda
- Latmus
- Lebedus
- Leimon
- Leucae
- Leucophrys
- Limantepe
- Lobolda
- Loryma
- Lunda
- Lydae
- Lyrna
- Lysimachia
- Madnasa
- Maeandropolis
- Magnesia ad Sipylum
- Magnesia on the Maeander
- Maiboza
- Maionia in Lydia
- Malene
- Marathesium
- Mastaura
- Meiros
- Meiros Megale
- Melampagos
- Meloukome
- Metropolis in Lydia
- Metropolis in southern Phrygia
- Miletus
- Mylasa
- Mobolla
- Mokolda
- Mossyna
- Mostene
- Motella
- Myloukome
- Myndus
- Myrina
- Myus
- Nais
- Nasos
- Naulochon
- Naulochus
- Naxia
- Neapolis
- Neonteichos
- Nisyra
- Notion
- Nymphaeum
- Nysa on the Maeander
- Odon
- Oenoanda
- Olaeis
- Olymos
- Oroanna
- Orthoisa
- Ortygia
- Otrus
- Palaemyndus
- Palaeopolis
- Panasion
- Panormus near Miletus
- Panormus near Halicarnassus
- Parsada
- Parthenium
- Passala
- Passanda
- Pedasa
- Peltae
- Pepuza
- Pergamon
- Perperene
- Philadelphia in Lydia
- Phocaea
- Phoenix in Caria
- Physcus
- Phyteia
- Pidasa
- Pinara
- Pisilis
- Pisye
- Pitane
- Pladasa
- Plarasa
- Polichna in Ionia
- Polichne in Ionia
- Polybotus
- Pordoselene
- Priene
- Prymnessus
- Pteleum
- Pydnae
- Pygela
- Pyrnus
- Pyrrha
- Saouenda
- Sardis
- Satala in Lydia
- Sebaste in Phrygia
- Sebastopolis in Caria
- Setae
- Side in Caria
- Sidussa
- Silandus
- Sillyos
- Sion
- Skolopoeis
- Smyrna
- Soa
- Spore
- Stadia
- Stectorium
- Stratonicea in Lydia
- Stratonicea in Caria
- Strobilos
- Syangela
- Symbra
- Synaus
- Syneta
- Synnada
- Syrna
- Tabae
- Tabala
- Tateikome
- Taza
- Teichiussa
- Telandrus
- Temenothyra
- Temnos
- Tempsis
- Tendeba
- Teos
- Termera
- Teuthrania
- Thasthara
- Theangela
- Thebe Hypoplakia
- Thebes
- Thera
- Thyaira
- Thyatira
- Thymbrara
- Thyssanus
- Tisna
- Tlos in Caria
- Tomara
- Traianopolis
- Trapezopolis
- Trarium
- Triopium
- Tripolis on the Meander
- Troketta
- Tyanollos
- Tymion
- Tymnos
- Ula
- Uranium
- Zemmeana
- Zingotos Kome
- Abonoteichos
- Aegialus
- Aiginetes
- Alaca Höyük
- Amasia
- Amastris
- Ancon
- Anticinolis
- Argyria
- Armene
- Berissa
- Bonita
- Boon
- Cabira
- Cales
- Callistratia
- Carambis
- Carissa
- Carussa
- Cerasus
- Chadisia
- Cinolis
- Cizari
- Colonia in Armenia
- Colussa
- Comana in the Pontus
- Coralla
- Cordyle
- Cratia
- Crenides
- Cromen
- Cromna
- Cyptasia
- Cytorus
- Dia
- Diacopa
- Elaeus
- Endeira
- Erythini
- Euchaita
- Eusene
- Gadilon
- Garius
- Garzoubanthon
- Gaziura
- Gozalena
- Hadrianopolis in Paphlagonia
- Hattusa
- Heraclea Pontica
- Heracleium
- Hermonassa
- Hieron Oros
- Hüseyindede Tepe
- Hyssus
- Ibora
- Ischopolis
- Karza
- Kelesa
- Kimista
- Laodicea Pontica
- Libiopolis
- Lillium
- Metroon
- Mokata
- Naustathmus
- Nerik
- Nicopolis
- Ophis
- Oxinas
- Patara
- Pharnacia
- Phazemon
- Philocaleia
- Pida
- Pimolisa
- Polemonium
- Pompeiopolis
- Potami
- Prusias ad Hypium
- Pteria in Paphlagonia
- Salatiwara
- Samuha
- Sandaraca
- Sapinuwa
- Satala
- Saurania
- Sebastopolis in Pontus
- Stephane
- Syderos
- Themiscyra
- Thymena
- Timolaeum
- Tium
- Tripolis
- Virasia
- Yazılıkaya
- Zagorus
- Zaliche
- Zephyrium in Paphlagonia
- Ziporea
- Abouadeineita
- Alişar Hüyük
- Amblada
- Anadynata
- Anastasiopolis
- Andabalis
- Anisa
- Anniaca
- Antoniopolis
- Anzoulada
- Aquae Saravenae
- Aralla
- Arasaxa
- Archalla
- Ardistama
- Ariaramneia
- Ariarathia
- Armaxa
- Artiknos
- Aspenzinsos
- Astra
- Atenia
- Balbissa
- Balgatia
- Barate
- Bathys Rhyax
- Binbirkilise
- Blucium
- Borissos
- Campae
- Camuliana
- Candara
- Carus Vicus
- Çatalhöyük
- Cimiata
- Ciscissus
- Cinna
- Claneus
- Comitanassus
- Congustus
- Corna
- Corniaspa
- Coropassus
- Cotenna
- Cybistra
- Cyzistra
- Dadastana
- Dasmenda
- Derbe
- Diocaesarea
- Doara
- Dometiopolis
- Dorylaeum
- Ecdaumava
- Ecobriga
- Ergobrotis
- Euaissa
- Eudocia (Cappadocia)
- Eudocia (Phrygia)
- Eulepa
- Faustinopolis
- Germa
- Gorbeus
- Gordium
- Hadrianopolis in Phrygia
- Heraclea Cybistra
- Herpha
- Hieropotamon
- Homana
- Hyde
- Ilistra
- Irenopolis
- Isauropolis
- Juliopolis
- Kaman-Kalehöyük
- Kanotala
- Karbala
- Keissia
- Kerkenes
- Kilistra
- Kindyria
- Kobara
- Kodylessos
- Korama
- Koron
- Kültepe (Kanesh)
- Lageina
- Lamatorma
- Laodicea Combusta
- Laroumada
- Lauzadus
- Limnae
- Lystra
- Malandasa
- Malus in Galatia
- Malus in Phrygia
- Meloë
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- Midaeium
- Mistea
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- Nitazi
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- Olosada
- Orcistus
- Papirion
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- Pedachtoë
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- Pillitokome
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- Pontanena
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- Sidamaria
- Skandos
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- Sora
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- Aianteion in Thrace
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- Ainos
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- Apollonia on the Rhyndacus
- Aprus
- Apsoda
- Arbeila
- Argiza
- Argyria
- Argyronion
- Argyropolis
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- Astyra in Troad
- Athyras
- Aureliane
- Aureliopolis
- Baradendromia
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- Basilica Therma
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- Bathonea
- Bathys Limen
- Beodizo
- Bergule
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- Bithynium
- Blachernae
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- Boradion
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- Bythias
- Byzantium
- Byzapena
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- Calpe
- Canopus
- Cardia
- Cebrene
- Cenchreae
- Cenon Gallicanon
- Chalcaea
- Chalcedon
- Charax
- Charmidea
- Chelae on the Black Sea
- Chelae on the Asian coast of the Bosphorus
- Chelae on the European coast of the Bosphorus
- Choiragria
- Chryse
- Chrysopolis
- Cius
- Clitae
- Cobrys
- Cocylium
- Colla
- Colonae
- Cremaste
- Crenides
- Cressa
- Crithote
- Cypasis
- Cypsela
- Cyzicus
- Dadokome
- Dacibyza
- Damalis
- Daphne Mainomene
- Daphnus
- Dardanus
- Dascylium
- Dascylium in Bithynia
- Dekaton in Bithynia
- Dekaton in Thrace
- Delkos
- Delphin
- Deris
- Desa
- Didymateiche
- Diolkides
- Drabus
- Drizipara/Drusipara
- Eirakla
- Elaea in Bithynia
- Elaeus
- Elekosmioi
- Embolos
- Ergasteria
- Eribolum
- Gargara
- Gentinos
- Gergis
- Germa
- Germanicopolis
- Hadriani ad Olympum
- Hadriania
- Hadrianotherae
- Halone
- Hamaxitus
- Harpagion
- Hebdomon
- Helenopolis/Drepanum
- Heracleium
- Hermaion
- Hieria
- Hierion
- Iasonion
- Ide
- Ilieon Kome
- Kabia
- Kalamos
- Kalasyrta
- Kale Peuke
- Kalos Agros
- Kampos
- Kassa
- Katapaspanas
- Kepos
- Kizoura
- Koila
- Kolonai
- Kosilaos
- Koubaita
- Kyparodes
- Kypra
- Lamponeia
- Lampsacus
- Larisa in Troad
- Lasthenes
- Leptoia
- Liada
- Libum
- Libyssa
- Limnae in Bithynia
- Limnae in Thrace
- Linus
- Lupadium
- Lygos
- Lysimachia
- Madytus
- Mantineion
- Marpessos
- Miletopolis
- Mocasura
- Mochadion
- Modra
- Morzapena
- Mossynea
- Moukaporis
- Myrileion
- Narco
- Nassete
- Nausikleia
- Nausimachion
- Neandreia
- Neapolis on the Bosphorus
- Neapolis on the Thracian Chersonese
- Neonteichos
- Nerola
- Nicomedia
- Oka
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- Ophryneion
- Orestias
- Orni
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- Paeon
- Paesus
- Palodes
- Panion
- Pantichium
- Parabolos
- Parium
- Paulines
- Pegae in Mysia
- Pegae in Thrace
- Pege
- Pentephyle
- Percote
- Pericharaxis
- Perinthus
- Petrozetoi
- Pharmakia
- Phidalia Petra
- Phiela
- Philia
- Phosphorus
- Pionia
- Pitheci Portus
- Placia
- Ploketta
- Poemanenum
- Poleatikon
- Polychron
- Polymedium
- Potamoi
- Potamonion
- Praenetus
- Pratomysia
- Prepa
- Priapus
- Prindea
- Proconnesus
- Proochthoi
- Prusa
- Psarela
- Psyllium
- Pyrrhias Cyon
- Pytheion
- Rhebas
- Rhegion
- Rhesion
- Rhoiteion
- Rouphinianai
- Salmydessus
- Sangarus
- Scamandria
- Scamandrus
- Scepsis
- Scylace
- Scylla
- Selymbria
- Semystra
- Serrion Teichos
- Sestos
- Sigeion
- Sirkanos
- Smintheion
- Soka
- Strobilos
- Sykai
- Syllanta
- Tarpodizo
- Tarsus in Bithynia
- Tattaios
- Tenba
- Terbos
- Tesderamoska
- Tetrakomia
- Tipaso
- Tragasai
- Thynias
- Traron
- Tricomia in Bithynia
- Troy (Hisarlik)
- Tyrodiza
- Tzurulum
- Urisio
- Utsurgae
- Zeleia
- Acalissus
- Acarassus
- Adada
- Adrasus
- Aegae
- Agrae
- Alalakh
- Amelas
- Anabura in Pisidia
- Anazarbus
- Anchiale
- Andeda
- Andriaca
- Anemurium
- Ano Kotradis
- Antigonia
- Antioch on the Orontes
- Antioch of Pisidia
- Antiochia Lamotis
- Antioch on the Cragus
- Antioch on the Pyramis
- Antiphellus
- Aperlae
- Aphrodisias of Cilicia
- Apollonia in Lycia
- Arabissus
- Araxa
- Ariassus
- Arima
- Arnabanda
- Arneae
- Arsada
- Arsinoe
- Artanada
- Arycanda
- Aspendos
- Augai
- Augusta
- Aulae
- Aunesis
- Bab al-Hawa Border Crossing
- Balbura
- Baris
- Bindaios
- Bubon
- Cabassus
- Cadrema
- Cadyanda
- Callimache
- Calynda
- Carallia
- Carmylessus
- Casae
- Castabala
- Ceretapa
- Cestrus
- Charadrus
- Choma
- Cibyra Mikra
- Claudiopolis
- Colybrassus
- Comama
- Comana in Cappadocia
- Comba
- Conana
- Coracesium
- Corycium Antrum
- Corycus (Kızkalesi)
- Corydala
- Cremna
- Cretopolis
- Crya
- Cyaneae
- Cyrrhus
- Daedala
- Dalisandus in Isauria
- Dalisandus in Pamphylia
- Damasei
- Dias
- Diocaesarea
- Domuztepe
- Elaiussa Sebaste
- Elbessos
- Emirzeli
- Epiphania
- Erymna
- Etenna
- Eudocia (Lycia)
- Eudocias (Pamphylia)
- Flaviopolis
- Gagae
- Gözlükule
- Hacilar
- Hadrianopolis in Pisidia
- Halae
- Hamaxia
- Hierapolis
- Hippucome
- Holmi
- Hyia
- Idebessos
- Idyros
- Iotape
- Irenopolis
- Isaura Nea
- Isaura Palaea
- Isba
- Isinda in Lycia
- Isinda in Pisidia
- Issus
- Istlada
- Juliosebaste
- Kalanthia
- Kalelibelen
- Kandyba
- Kanytelis
- Karakabaklı
- Karatepe
- Karkabo
- Kastellon
- Keraia
- Kibyra
- Kiphisos
- Kirkota
- Kitanaura
- Kodroula
- Kolbasa
- Korasion
- Korma
- Kynosarion
- Laertes
- Lagbe
- Lamos
- Lebessus
- Legeita
- Limnae in Pamphylia
- Limnae in Pisidia
- Limyra
- Lissa
- Lycae
- Lyrbe
- Lysinia
- Magarsa
- Magastara
- Magydus
- Mallus
- Malus in Pisidia
- Mampsoukrenai
- Mamure Castle
- Manava
- Mandane
- Marciana
- Marmara (Mnara)
- Mastaura
- Meloë
- Melanippe
- Meriana
- Mezgitkale
- Moatra
- Mopsucrene
- Mopsuestia
- Morka
- Moron Hydor
- Moumoustra
- Mylae
- Mylios
- Myra
- Myriandus
- Nagidos
- Nauloi
- Neapolis in Pisidia
- Nephelis
- Nisa
- Octapolis
- Olba
- Olbasa
- Olbia
- Olympus
- Öküzlü
- Onobara
- Orokenda
- Otanada
- Ouerbe
- Padyandus
- Palaeopolis
- Panemotichus
- Panhormus
- Pargais
- Parlais
- Patara
- Pednelissus
- Perga
- Perminounda
- Phaselis
- Phellus
- Philadelphia in Cilicia
- Philaea
- Phoenicus
- Phoenix in Lycia
- Pisarissos
- Pisurgia
- Placoma
- Platanus
- Podalia
- Pogla
- Prostanna
- Pseudokorasion
- Ptolemais
- Rhodiapolis
- Rhoscopus
- Rhosus
- Rygmanoi
- Sabandus
- Sagalassos
- Sandalium
- Saraganda
- Sebeda
- Seleucia in Pamphylia
- Seleucia Pieria
- Seleucia Sidera
- Selge
- Selinus
- Seroiata
- Serraepolis
- Sia
- Sibidounda
- Sibyla
- Side
- Siderus
- Sidyma
- Sillyon
- Simena
- Sinda
- Siricae
- Soli
- Solyma
- Sozopolis
- Sura
- Syca
- Syedra
- Takina
- Tapureli
- Tardequeia
- Tarsus
- Teimiussa
- Tell Judaidah
- Tell Tayinat
- Telmessos
- Telmessos (Caria)
- Tenedos
- Termessos
- Tetrapyrgia in Cappadocia
- Tetrapyrgia in Pamphylia
- Titiopolis
- Tityassus
- Tlos
- Toriaeum
- Tragalassus
- Trebendae
- Trebenna
- Trysa
- Tyberissus
- Tyinda
- Tymandus
- Tynada
- Typallia
- Xanthos
- Yanıkhan
- Yumuktepe
- Zenopolis in Isauria
- Zenopolis in Lycia
- Zephyrium on the Calycadnus
Anatolia
- Amida
- Antioch in the Taurus
- Antioch in Mesopotamia (Constantia)
- Apamea on the Euphrates
- Carcathiocerta
- Carchemish
- Çayönü
- Dabanas
- Dara
- Doliche
- Edessa
- Göbekli Tepe
- Hallan Çemi Tepesi
- Harran
- Khashshum
- Kussara
- Matiate
- Nevalı Çori
- Nicopolis in Cilicia
- Nisibis
- Sakçagözü
- Sam'al
- Samosata
- Sareisa
- Seleucia at the Zeugma
- Sitai
- Sultantepe
- Tille
- Tushhan
- Urima
- Urshu
- Zeugma