Antimony tetroxide

Antimony tetroxide

α-Sb2O4

β-Sb2O4

  Sb   O
Names
IUPAC name
antimony(III,V) oxide
Identifiers
CAS Number
  • 1332-81-6 checkY
ECHA InfoCard 100.014.161 Edit this at Wikidata
PubChem CID
  • 74002
UNII
  • XB7RVZ5DN5 checkY
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
  • DTXSID9061677 Edit this at Wikidata
Properties
Chemical formula
 SbO2; Sb2O4
Molar mass 153.7588; 307.5176 g/mol
Appearance white solid
Density 6.64 g/cm3 (orthorhombic form) [1]
Melting point > 930 °C (1,710 °F; 1,200 K) (decomposes)
Boiling point decomposes
Solubility in water
 insoluble
Refractive index (nD)
 2.0
Structure
Crystal structure
 orthorhombic
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g. canola oilInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
2
1
0
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (as Sb)[2]
REL (Recommended)
 TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (as Sb)[2]
Related compounds
Related compounds
 Antimony trioxide
Antimony pentoxide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references
Chemical compound

Antimony tetroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula Sb2O4. This material, which exists as the mineral cervantite,[3] is white but reversibly yellows upon heating. The material, with empirical formula SbO2, is called antimony tetroxide to signify the presence of two kinds of Sb centers.[4]

Formation and structure

The material forms when Sb2O3 is heated in air:[5]

Sb2O3 + 0.5 O2 → Sb2O4 ΔH = −187 kJ/mol

At 800 °C, antimony(V) oxide loses oxygen to give the same material:

Sb2O5 → Sb2O4 + 0.5 O2 ΔH = −64 kJ/mol

The material is mixed valence, containing both Sb(V) and Sb(III) centers. Two polymorphs are known, one orthorhombic (shown in the infobox) and one monoclinic.[1] Both forms feature octahedral Sb(V) centers arranged in sheets with distorted Sb(III) centers bound to four oxides.

References

  1. ^ a b Amador, J.; Puebla, E. Gutierrez; Monge, M. A.; Rasines, I.; Valero, C. Ruiz (1988). "Diantimony Tetraoxides Revisited". Inorganic Chemistry. 27 (8): 1367–1370. doi:10.1021/ic00281a011.
  2. ^ a b NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0036". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  3. ^ "Cervantite". Webminerals. Retrieved 2009-06-06.
  4. ^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 576. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
  5. ^ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
  • v
  • t
  • e
Antimonides
Sb(III)
  • SbBr3
  • Sb(C2H3O2)3
  • SbCl3
  • SbF3
  • Sb4O4(OH)2(NO3)2
  • SbH3
  • SbI3
  • SbN3
  • Sb2O3
  • Sb2S3
  • Sb2(SO4)3
  • Sb2Se3
  • Sb2Te3
Organoantimony(III) compounds
  • Sb(CH3)3
  • Sb(C6H5)3
Sb(III,V)
  • Sb2O4
Sb(V)
  • SbCl5
  • SbF5
  • Sb2O5
  • Sb2S5
Organoantimony(V) compounds
  • Sb(CH3)5
  • Sb(C6H5)5
  • v
  • t
  • e
Mixed oxidation states
+1 oxidation state
+2 oxidation state
+3 oxidation state
  • Actinium(III) oxide (Ac2O3)
  • Aluminium oxide (Al2O3)
  • Americium(III) oxide (Am2O3)
  • Antimony trioxide (Sb2O3)
  • Arsenic trioxide (As2O3)
  • Berkelium(III) oxide (Bk2O3)
  • Bismuth(III) oxide (Bi2O3)
  • Boron trioxide (B2O3)
  • Caesium sesquioxide (Cs2O3)
  • Californium(III) oxide (Cf2O3)
  • Cerium(III) oxide (Ce2O3)
  • Chromium(III) oxide (Cr2O3)
  • Cobalt(III) oxide (Co2O3)
  • Dinitrogen trioxide (N2O3)
  • Dysprosium(III) oxide (Dy2O3)
  • Einsteinium(III) oxide (Es2O3)
  • Erbium(III) oxide (Er2O3)
  • Europium(III) oxide (Eu2O3)
  • Gadolinium(III) oxide (Gd2O3)
  • Gallium(III) oxide (Ga2O3)
  • Gold(III) oxide (Au2O3)
  • Holmium(III) oxide (Ho2O3)
  • Indium(III) oxide (In2O3)
  • Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)
  • Lanthanum oxide (La2O3)
  • Lutetium(III) oxide (Lu2O3)
  • Manganese(III) oxide (Mn2O3)
  • Neodymium(III) oxide (Nd2O3)
  • Nickel(III) oxide (Ni2O3)
  • Phosphorus trioxide (P4O6)
  • Praseodymium(III) oxide (Pr2O3)
  • Promethium(III) oxide (Pm2O3)
  • Rhodium(III) oxide (Rh2O3)
  • Samarium(III) oxide (Sm2O3)
  • Scandium oxide (Sc2O3)
  • Terbium(III) oxide (Tb2O3)
  • Thallium(III) oxide (Tl2O3)
  • Thulium(III) oxide (Tm2O3)
  • Titanium(III) oxide (Ti2O3)
  • Tungsten(III) oxide (W2O3)
  • Vanadium(III) oxide (V2O3)
  • Ytterbium(III) oxide (Yb2O3)
  • Yttrium(III) oxide (Y2O3)
+4 oxidation state
+5 oxidation state
+6 oxidation state
+7 oxidation state
+8 oxidation state
Related
Oxides are sorted by oxidation state. Category:Oxides