Austroasiatic language spoken in Vietnam
| Kháng |
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| Mang U’ |
| Native to | Vietnam |
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| Region | Sơn La and Lai Châu provinces |
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| Ethnicity | Khang |
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Native speakers | 14,000 (2009 census)[1] |
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Language family | |
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| Language codes |
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| ISO 639-3 | kjm – inclusive code
Individual code:
xao – Khao |
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| Glottolog | khan1274 |
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| ELP | Kháng |
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Kháng (Chinese: 抗语), also known as Mang U’, is an Austroasiatic language of Vietnam.[2] It is closely related to the Bumang language of southern Yunnan, China.
Classification
Paul Sidwell (2014)[3] classifies Khang as Palaungic, although Jerold Edmondson (2010) suggests it is Khmuic.
Kháng is most closely related to Bumang (Edmondson 2010).
Distribution
Kháng speakers are an officially recognized ethnic group in Vietnam,[4] and officially numbered 10,272 in 1999.
The Kháng are distributed in the following districts of northwest Vietnam in Sơn La Province and Lai Châu Province:[5]
Tạ (2021) contains a phonology and word list of the Kháng dialect of Nậm Mu village, Phình Sáng commune, Tuần Giáo district, Điện Biên province.[6]
References
- ^ Kháng at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Khao at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) - ^ Hammarström (2015) Ethnologue 16/17/18th editions: a comprehensive review: online appendices
- ^ Sidwell, Paul. 2014. "Khmuic classification and homeland Archived 2016-02-03 at the Wayback Machine". Mon-Khmer Studies 43.1:47-56
- ^ "Documenting and Preserving the Khang Language in Vietnam". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2016-08-29.
- ^ Edmondson, Jerold A. (2010). "The Kháng language of Vietnam in comparison to Ksingmul (Xinh-mun)" (PDF). In McElhanon, Kenneth A.; Reesink, Ger (eds.). A Mosaic of languages and cultures: studies celebrating the career of Karl J. Franklin. SIL e-Books. SIL International, Dallas. p. 140.
- ^ Tạ, Quang Tùng (2021). "A Phonology and Lexicon of Khang in Vietnam". Journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society. 14 (2). hdl:10524/52487. ISSN 1836-6821. Retrieved 2023-06-30.
Further reading
- Dao, Jie 刀洁. 2007. Bumang yu yanjiu 布芒语研究 [A study of Bumang]. Beijing: Minzu University.
- Ferlus, Michel. 1996. Langues et peuples viet-muong [Viet-Muong languages and peoples]. Mon-Khmer Studies Journal (MKS) 26. 7–28
- Mikami, Naomitsu. 2003. "A Khang phonology and wordlist." Reports on Minority Languages in Mainland Southeast Asia, ed. by Ueda Hiromi, 1–42. Endangered Languages of the Pacific Rim. Osaka: Faculty of Informatics, Osaka Gakuin University.
- Schliesinger, Joachim. 1998. Hill tribes of Vietnam. Vol. Vol. 2. 2 vols. Bangkok: White Lotus Co. Ltd.
- Tạ, Quang Tùng. 2023. Ngữ âm tiếng Kháng và phương án chữ viết cho người Kháng ở Việt Nam. Thái Nguyên: Nhà xuất bản đại học Thái Nguyên.
- Thông Tấn Xã Việt Nam [Vietnam News Agency]. 2006. Việt Nam Hình Ảnh Cộng Dồng 54 Dân Tộc [Vietnam Image of the Community of 54 Ethnic Groups]. Hanoi: The Vna Publishing House.
External links
- https://web.archive.org/web/20131202221448/http://cema.gov.vn/modules.php?name=Content&op=details&mid=508
- http://projekt.ht.lu.se/rwaai RWAAI (Repository and Workspace for Austroasiatic Intangible Heritage)
- http://hdl.handle.net/10050/00-0000-0000-0003-93F5-2@view Khang in RWAAI Digital Archive
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| West Katuic | |
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| Ta'oihic | |
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| Pacoh | |
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| Katu | |
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| Viet-Muong | |
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| Cuoi | |
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| Chứt | |
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| Kri | |
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| Phong–Liha | |
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| Pear | |
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Western Pearic
(Chong) | | Central | |
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| Western | |
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| Northern | |
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| Southern | |
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| North | |
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| South | | Kharia | |
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| Juang | |
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| Sora-Gorum | |
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| Gutob-Remo | |
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| Gta’ | |
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- Italics indicate extinct languages
- Languages between parentheses are varieties of the language on their left.
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