Voiced bilabial implosive

Voiced bilabial implosive
ɓ
IPA Number	160
Audio sample
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Encoding
Entity (decimal)	ɓ
Unicode (hex)	U+0253
X-SAMPA	b_<
Braille
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A voiced bilabial implosive is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɓ⟩, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is b_<.

Features

Features of the voiced bilabial implosive:

• Its manner of articulation is occlusive, which means it is produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract. Since the consonant is also oral, with no nasal outlet, the airflow is blocked entirely, and the consonant is a plosive.
• Its place of articulation is bilabial, which means it is articulated with both lips.
• Its phonation is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation.
• It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
• Because the sound is not produced with airflow over the tongue, the central–lateral dichotomy does not apply.
• The airstream mechanism is implosive (glottalic ingressive), which means it is produced by pulling air in by pumping the glottis downward. Since it is voiced, the glottis is not completely closed, but allows a pulmonic airstream to escape through it.

Occurrence

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Balanta-Ganja		ɓaara?	[ɓaːra]?	'heron'	Possible allophone for /b/.[1]
Ega[2]		[ɓá]		'send away'
English	Southern American[3]	body	[ɓʌdi]	'body'	Possible realization of word-initial /b/.[3] See English phonology
Fula[4]		fulɓe 𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤩𞤫	[fulɓe]	'Fulbe person' (g.)
Goemai		ḅas	[ɓas]	'to fetch'
Hausa		ɓaɓewa	[ɓaɓɛua]	'quarreling'
Jamaican Patois[5]		beat	[ɓiːt]	'beat'	Allophone of /b/ in the onset of prominent syllables.
Kalabari[6]		ḅá	[ɓá]	'kill'
Khmer		បារាំង/barăng	[ɓaːraŋ]	noun: 'France' adjective: 'French'	See Khmer phonology
Konso[7]		bad	[ɓaɗ]	‘to hide’
Kwaza		bura	[ɓuɾa]	'put [the] hat on!'
Latundê[8]		[ˌɓa:ˈnãn]		'(they) are two'	One of the possible realisations of /p/.[8]
Mayan	Yucatec	balam	[ɓalam]	'jaguar'
Mam		qanbʼax	[qamɓaʂ]	'foot'
Mono[9]		‘balœ	[ɓálə́]	'at'
Punjabi	Dialectal	ਬੱਕਰੀ	[ˈɓək.krɪ]	'goat'
Paumarí[10]	'bo'da	[ɓoɗa]	'old'
Saraiki[11]		ٻال	[ɓɑː.l]	'child'
Sindhi		ٻر	[ɓaˑrʊ]
Serer[12]		ɓood/ ࢠࣷودْ	[ɓoːd]	'to crawl'	Contrasts /ɓ̥, ɗ̥, ʄ̊, ɓ, ɗ, ʄ/.
Southern Nambikwara[13]		[ɓa̰h]		'ask excuse'	One of the possible realisations of /p/.[13]
Shona		baba	[ɓàːɓá]	'father'
Tera[14]		ɓala	[ɓala]	'to talk'	Contrasts phonemically with palatalized implosive, /ɓʲ/
Tukang Besi		[aɓa]		'previous'
Vietnamese[15]		bạn	[ɓan̪˧ˀ˨ʔ]	'you'	See Vietnamese phonology
Standard Zhuang		lajmbwn	[la̋ːɓɯ̌n]	'world'
Zulu		ubaba	[úˈɓàːɓá]	'my father'

See also

• Index of phonetics articles
• Voiceless bilabial implosive
• B̤ē

Notes

References

External links

• List of languages with [ɓ] on PHOIBLE

IPA topics

IPA International Phonetic Association History of the alphabet Extensions for disordered speech (extIPA) Voice Quality Symbols (VoQS) Journal of the IPA (JIPA) Special topics Cursive forms Case variants Obsolete and nonstandard symbols Naming conventions Sinological extensions World Orthography IPA chart for English dialects Encodings ASCII encodings SAMPA X-SAMPA Kirshenbaum TIPA Phonetic symbols in Unicode IPA number IPA Braille

Consonants

Pulmonic consonants Place → Labial Coronal Dorsal Laryngeal Manner ↓ Bi­labial Labio­dental Linguo­labial Dental Alveolar Post­alveolar Retro­flex Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyn­geal/epi­glottal Glottal Nasal m̥ m ɱ̊ ɱ n̼ n̥ n ɳ̊ ɳ ɲ̊ ɲ ŋ̊ ŋ ɴ̥ ɴ Plosive p b p̪ b̪ t̼ d̼ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ ʡ ʔ Sibilant affricate ts dz t̠ʃ d̠ʒ tʂ dʐ tɕ dʑ Non-sibilant affricate pɸ bβ p̪f b̪v t̪θ d̪ð tɹ̝̊ dɹ̝ t̠ɹ̠̊˔ d̠ɹ̠˔ cç ɟʝ kx ɡɣ qχ ɢʁ ʡʜ ʡʢ ʔh Sibilant fricative s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ɕ ʑ Non-sibilant fricative ɸ β f v θ̼ ð̼ θ ð θ̠ ð̠ ɹ̠̊˔ ɹ̠˔ ɻ̊˔ ɻ˔ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ h ɦ Approximant ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ ʔ̞ Tap/flap ⱱ̟ ⱱ ɾ̼ ɾ̥ ɾ ɽ̊ ɽ ɢ̆ ʡ̆ Trill ʙ̥ ʙ r̥ r ɽ̊r̥ ɽr ʀ̥ ʀ ʜ ʢ Lateral affricate tɬ dɮ tꞎ d𝼅 c𝼆 ɟʎ̝ k𝼄 ɡʟ̝ Lateral fricative ɬ ɮ ꞎ 𝼅 𝼆 ʎ̝ 𝼄 ʟ̝ Lateral approximant l ɭ ʎ ʟ ʟ̠ Lateral tap/flap ɺ̥ ɺ 𝼈̥ 𝼈 ʎ̆ ʟ̆ IPA help  audio full chart template Symbols to the right in a cell are voiced, to the left are voiceless. Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible. Non-pulmonic consonants BL LD D A PA RF P V U EG Ejective Stop pʼ tʼ ʈʼ cʼ kʼ qʼ ʡʼ Affricate p̪fʼ t̪θʼ tsʼ t̠ʃʼ tʂʼ kxʼ qχʼ Fricative ɸʼ fʼ θʼ sʼ ʃʼ ʂʼ ɕʼ xʼ χʼ Lateral affricate tɬʼ c𝼆ʼ k𝼄ʼ q𝼄ʼ Lateral fricative ɬʼ Click (top: velar; bottom: uvular) Tenuis kʘ qʘ kǀ qǀ kǃ qǃ k𝼊 q𝼊 kǂ qǂ Voiced ɡʘ ɢʘ ɡǀ ɢǀ ɡǃ ɢǃ ɡ𝼊 ɢ𝼊 ɡǂ ɢǂ Nasal ŋʘ ɴʘ ŋǀ ɴǀ ŋǃ ɴǃ ŋ𝼊 ɴ𝼊 ŋǂ ɴǂ ʞ   Tenuis lateral kǁ qǁ Voiced lateral ɡǁ ɢǁ Nasal lateral ŋǁ ɴǁ Implosive Voiced ɓ ɗ ᶑ ʄ ɠ ʛ Voiceless ɓ̥ ɗ̥ ᶑ̊ ʄ̊ ɠ̊ ʛ̥ IPA help  audio full chart template Co-articulated consonants Nasal n͡m Labial–alveolar ŋ͡m Labial–velar Plosive t͡p d͡b Labial–alveolar k͡p ɡ͡b Labial–velar q͡ʡ Uvular–epiglottal q͡p Labial–uvular Fricative/approximant ɥ̊ ɥ Labial–palatal ʍ w Labial–velar ɧ Sj-sound (variable) Lateral approximant ɫ Velarized alveolar Implosive ɠ̊͜ɓ̥ ɠ͡ɓ Labial–velar Ejective t͡pʼ Labial–alveolar IPA help full chart template Other Nasal labial–velar approximant [w̃] Nasal palatal approximant [j̃] Voiceless bidental fricative [h̪͆] Voiceless bilabially post-trilled dental stop [t̪ʙ̥] Voiceless nasal glottal approximant [h̃]

Vowels
Front Central Back Close i y ɨ ʉ ɯ u Near-close ɪ ʏ ʊ Close-mid e ø ɘ ɵ ɤ o Mid e̞ ø̞ ə ɤ̞ o̞ Open-mid ɛ œ ɜ ɞ ʌ ɔ Near-open æ ɐ Open a ɶ ä ɑ ɒ IPA help  audio full chart template Legend: unrounded • rounded