Trimethadione

Routes of
administrationBy mouthATC codeLegal statusLegal status Pharmacokinetic dataBioavailabilityHighMetabolismDemethylated to dimethadioneElimination half-life12–24 hours (trimethadione)
6–13 days (dimethadione)ExcretionRenalIdentifiersCAS NumberPubChem CIDIUPHAR/BPSDrugBankChemSpiderUNIIKEGGChEBIChEMBLCompTox Dashboard (EPA)ECHA InfoCard100.004.406 Chemical and physical dataFormulaC₆H₉NO₃Molar mass143.142 g·mol⁻¹3D model (JSmol)  (verify)

Trimethadione (Tridione) is an oxazolidinedione anticonvulsant. It is most commonly used to treat epileptic conditions that are resistant to other treatments.

It is primarily effective in treating absence seizures, but can also be used in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy. It is usually administered 3 or 4 times daily, with the total daily dose ranging from 900 mg to 2.4 g. Treatment is most effective when the concentration of its active metabolite, dimethadione, is above 700 µg/mL. Severe adverse reactions are possible, including Steven Johnson syndrome, nephrotoxicity, hepatitis, aplastic anemia, neutropenia, or agranulocytosis. More common adverse effects include drowsiness, hemeralopia, and hiccups.^[1][2]

Fetal trimethadione syndrome

If administered during pregnancy, fetal trimethadione syndrome may result causing facial dysmorphism (short upturned nose, slanted eyebrows), cardiac defects, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and mental retardation. The fetal loss rate while using trimethadione has been reported to be as high as 87%.^[3]

References

External links

• MedlinePlus DrugInfo medmaster-a601127
• Diseases Database (DDB): 30479