Visa requirements for Belarusian citizens

Visa requirements for Belarusian citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens of Belarus by the authorities of other states.

As of 2024, Belarusian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 81 countries and territories, ranking the Belarusian passport 66th in the world according to the Henley Passport Index.^[1]

History

Visa requirements for Belarusian citizens were lifted (unilaterally or bilaterally, for the first time or repeatedly (in which case, the date of the last cancellation of visas is given) by Cuba 10 March 1999, Turkey (29 April 2013), Serbia 10 August 2013, Brazil (25 November 2016), Argentina (19 May 2017), China (10 August 2018), Saint Kitts and Nevis (23 June 2019), Montenegro (5 August 2019), Albania (15 July 2020), United Arab Emirates (16 January 2021).

Visa requirements map

Visa requirements

Country	Visa requirement	Allowed stay	Notes (excluding departure fees)
Afghanistan	Visa required[2]
Albania	Visa not required[3]	30 days	For a maximum total stay of 90 days within any 1 calendar year.
Algeria	Visa required[4]
Andorra	Visa required[5]
Angola	Visa required[6]
Antigua and Barbuda	Visa not required[7]	180 days
Argentina	Visa not required[8]	90 days	90 days within any 1 calendar year.
Armenia	Visa not required[9]	180 days	180 days in a year.
Australia	Online Visa required[10][11]		May apply online (Online Visitor e600 visa).
Austria	Visa required[12]
Azerbaijan	Visa not required[13]	90 days	Who are of Armenian descent Government of Azerbaijan bans the entry.
Bahamas	eVisa[14]	3 months	100 USD for a single-entry visa or 110 USD for multiply entry.
Bahrain	eVisa[15]	14 days	e-Visas can be obtained before departure at www.evisa.gov.bh. Passengers must have a printed e-visa confirmation. Those with a visa issued by USA, United Kingdom, a Schengen Member State, Saudi Arabia or United Arab Emirates can obtain a visa on arrival for a maximum stay of 1 month. They can apply to extend their stay for an additional 2 weeks.
Bangladesh	Visa on arrival[16]	30 days
Barbados	Visa not required[17]	28 days
Belgium	Visa required[18]
Belize	Visa required[19]		No visa required for holders of a valid multiple entry visa or Permanent Residence Card from the USA, multiple entry Schengen visa, multiple entry visa or Permanent Residence Card from Canada.
Benin	eVisa[20][21]	30 days	Must have an international vaccination certificate.
Bhutan	eVisa[22][23]
Bolivia	Online Visa / Visa on arrival[24]	30 days[25]
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Visa required[26]		No visa required for holders of multiple-entry visa issued by Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Ireland, Monaco, Romania, USA or a Schengen Member State for a maximum stay of 30 days. A total of 90 days is granted within 6 months.
Botswana	eVisa[27][28]	3 months
Brazil	Visa not required[29]	90 days
Brunei	Visa required[30]
Bulgaria	Visa required[31]
Burkina Faso	eVisa[32][33]
Burundi	Visa on arrival[34]		Visiors can obtain a visa on arrival for a maximum stay of 30 days. They can apply to extend their stay.
Cambodia	eVisa / Visa on arrival[35][36]	30 days
Cameroon	eVisa[37][38]
Canada	Visa required[39][40]
Cape Verde	Visa on arrival[41]	90 days	Visa on arrival may obtain at Sal, Boa Vista, Sao Vicente and Santiago international airports. The visa allows you to stay for 90 days. Passport must is valid for at least another 6 months after the travel date.[42]
Central African Republic	Visa required[43]
Chad	Visa required[44]
Chile	Visa required[45]
China	Visa not required[46]	30 days	Visa free for 30 days, for a maximum total stay of 90 days within any 1 calendar year.[47]
Colombia	Online visa[48][49]
Comoros	Visa on arrival[50]	45 days	Nationals of any country can obtain a visa on arrival for a maximum stay of 45 days.[51]
Republic of the Congo	Visa required[52]
Democratic Republic of the Congo	eVisa[53][54]	7 days
Costa Rica	Visa required[55]
Côte d'Ivoire	eVisa[56][57]	3 months	e-Visa holders must arrive via Port Bouet Airport.
Croatia	Visa required[58]
Cuba	Visa not required[59]	30 days
Cyprus	Visa required[60]
Czech Republic	Visa required[61]
Denmark	Visa required[62]
Djibouti	eVisa[63][64]	90 days
Dominica	Visa not required[65]	21 days
Dominican Republic	Visa required[66]
Ecuador	Visa not required[67]	90 days
Egypt	eVisa / Visa on arrival[68][69]	1 month	VOA is available in any land, air or sea port of entry for 25 USD, or e-Visa is available. (25 USD for once and 60 USD for multi entry)
El Salvador	Visa required[70]
Equatorial Guinea	eVisa[71][72]
Eritrea	Visa required[73]
Estonia	Visa required[74]
Eswatini	Visa required[75]
Ethiopia	eVisa / Visa on arrival[76]	90 days	Visa on arrival is obtainable only at Addis Ababa Bole International Airport.[77] e-Visa holders must arrive via Addis Ababa Bole International Airport. e-Visa is available for 30 or 90 days.[78]
Fiji	Online Visa required[79][80]
Finland	Visa required[81]
France	Visa required[82]
Gabon	eVisa[83][84]	30 days	e-Visa holders must arrive via Libreville International Airport.
Gambia	Visa required[85]
Georgia	Visa not required[86]	1 year
Germany	Visa required[87]
Ghana	Visa required[88]
Greece	Visa required[89]
Grenada	Visa on arrival[90]		A pre-clearance letter issued by Grenada required for visa on arrival.
Guatemala	Visa required[91]		Visa free for a maximum stay of 90 days for holders of a valid visa issued by Canada, USA or a Schengen Member State .
Guinea	eVisa[92][93]	90 days
Guinea-Bissau	Visa on arrival[94]	90 days
Guyana	Visa required[95]		Visa on arrival for holders of a letter of invitation from sponsor or host.
Haiti	Visa not required[96]	3 months
Honduras	Visa required[97]		No visa required for holders of a visa issued by Canada, USA or a Schengen Member State valid for at least 6 months on arrival.
Hungary	Visa required[98]
Iceland	Visa required[99]
India	eVisa[100]	30 days	e-Visa holders must arrive via 26 designated airports[Note 1] or 3 designated seaports.[Note 2][101] An Indian e-Tourist Visa may only be obtained twice within 1 calendar year.[citation needed] Foreigners of Pakistani origin or who hold a Pakistani Passport are not eligible for an e-Visa. Foreigners who are not Pakistani nationals, but whose parents or grandparents (either paternal or maternal) were born in, or were permanent residents in Pakistan, are also not eligible for an e-Visa.[102]
Indonesia	e-VOA / Visa on arrival[103]	30 days[104]
Iran	Visa not required[105]	15 days
Iraq	Visa required[106]
Ireland	Visa required[107]		Visa waiver for UK 'C' visa holders until October 2026. Entry permitted only if first point of entry to the Common Travel Area is in the UK.[108]
Israel	Visa not required[109]	90 days
Italy	Visa required[110]
Jamaica	Visa on arrival[111]	30 days	Visa waived for holders of a visa issued by Canada, USA, United Kingdom or a Schengen Member State, valid for the period of intended stay. They must travel as tourists for a maximum stay of 30 days. They must also have a vaccination certificate for Measles, Polio and Rubella.
Japan	Visa required[112]
Jordan	eVisa / Visa on arrival[113][114]		Visa can be obtained upon arrival, it will cost a total of 40 JOD, obtainable at most international ports of entry and land border crossings. (except King Hussein/Allenby Bridge)
Kazakhstan	Visa not required[115]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period.
Kenya	Electronic Travel Authorisation[116][117]	90 days	Applications can be submitted up to 90 days prior to travel and must be submitted at least 3 days in advance. eTA fee is USD 32.50. Proof of reservation at the hotel where visitors plan to stay is required (if staying with friends, an invitation letter is also acceptable). Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries. Can also be entered on an East Africa tourist visa issued by Rwanda or Uganda.[118]
Kiribati	Visa required[119]
North Korea	Visa required[120]
South Korea	Visa required[121]		Visa-free access for 30 days to Jeju Island.
Kuwait	Visa required[122]
Kyrgyzstan	Visa not required[123]	90 days
Laos	eVisa / Visa on arrival[124]	30 days	17[Note 3] of the 31 border crossings are only open to visa holders.[125] e-Visa may be used to enter Laos through Luang Prabang, Pakse and Vientiane international airports, 3 Thai-Lao Friendship Bridges[Note 4] and in Boten (road and railroad).[126] Visa on arrival is available at Luang Prabang, Pakse and Vientiane international airports, the 4 Thai-Lao Friendship Bridges[Note 5] and 6 border crossings.[Note 6][125] Visa on arrival is extendable for an additional 60 days at the Department of Immigration in Vientiane.[127]
Latvia	Visa required[128]
Lebanon	Free Visa on arrival[129]	1 month	Extendable for 2 additional months. Granted free of charge at Beirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or seal, holding a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non refundable return or circle trip ticket.
Lesotho	eVisa[130] [131]		A single-entry e-Visa for Lesotho stays valid for 44 days from issuing, while the multiple-entry one stays effective for 180 days. Both electronic Lesotho visa types can be used for tourism and business purposes.
Liberia	Visa required[132]
Libya	eVisa[133][134]
Liechtenstein	Visa required[135]
Lithuania	Visa required[136]
Luxembourg	Visa required[137]
Madagascar	Visa on arrival[138]	60 days
Malawi	eVisa / Visa on arrival[139][140]	90 days
Malaysia	Visa not required[141]	30 days
Maldives	Free Visa on arrival[142]	30 days
Mali	Visa required[143]
Malta	Visa required[144]
Marshall Islands	Visa required[145]
Mauritania	Visa on arrival[146]	30 days	Available at Nouakchott–Oumtounsy International Airport.
Mauritius	Visa on arrival[147]	60 days
Mexico	Visa required[148]		To stay without a visa for up to 180 days the traveller must: Hold a permanent residency or a valid visa from Canada, USA, Japan, UK, Ireland, or any of the Schengen member states OR Hold a permanent residency in Chile, Colombia, or Peru.
Micronesia	Visa not required[149]	30 days
Moldova	Visa not required[150]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period.
Monaco	Visa required[151]
Mongolia	Visa not required[152]	90 days
Montenegro	Visa not required[153]	30 days
Morocco	Visa required[154]		e-Visa is available for holders of residence permit or non-electronic visas of Schengen countries, the United States, Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, and New Zealand, with multiple entries and that are valid for at least 90 days as of the date of submission of the eVisa application.
Mozambique	eVisa / Visa on arrival[155][156]	30 days
Myanmar	eVisa[157][158]	28 days	e-Visa holders must arrive via Yangon, Nay Pyi Taw or Mandalay airports or via land border crossings with Thailand — Tachileik, Myawaddy and Kawthaung or India — Rih Khaw Dar and Tamu. e-Visa is available for tourism only.
Namibia	Visa not required[159]	3 months
Nauru	Visa required[160]		Visa applications are made by emailing the Nauru Immigration with necessary details. Visa cost is 50 USD.
Nepal	Online Visa / Visa on arrival[161]	90 days[162]	15 Days - USD 30?, 30 Days – USD 50, 90 Days – USD 125.
Netherlands	Visa required[163]
New Zealand	Visa required[164]		Diplomatic and service passports with the former USSR symbol issued in Belarus, as well as USSR standard and Belarus standard passports issued in Belarus which do not bear multiple exit stamps, are unacceptable and visas will not be endorsed in them.[165] Holders of an Australian Permanent Resident Visa or Resident Return Visa may be granted a New Zealand Resident Visa on arrival permitting indefinite stay (pursuant to the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement), subject to meeting character requirements and obtaining an Electronic Travel Authority prior to departure.[166]
Nicaragua	Visa not required[167]	90 days
Niger	Visa required[168]
Nigeria	eVisa[169][170]	90 days
North Macedonia	Visa required[171]		Visa not required for whose with a multiple entry visa issued by Canada, USA or United Kingdom or a multiple entry Schengen C visa. The visa must be valid for at least 5 days beyond the period of intended stay. They are visa exempt for a maximum stay of 15 days. A total of 90 days is granted within 6 months.
Norway	Visa required[172]
Oman	Visa not required[173]	14 days	e-Visa is also available for 30 days.
Pakistan	Online Visa[174][175]	3 months	Online Visa eligible.[176]
Palau	Free Visa on arrival[177]	30 days
Panama	Visa not required[178]	90 days
Papua New Guinea	eVisa[179][180]	60 days	Visitors may apply for a visa online under the "Tourist - Own Itinerary" category.
Paraguay	Visa required[181]
Peru	Visa not required[182]	90 days
Philippines	Visa required[183]
Poland	Visa required[184]
Portugal	Visa required[185]
Qatar	eVisa / Visa on arrival[186][187]	30 days[188]	The arriving passenger must possess a cash amount equivalent to 1000 USD or a valid credit card.
Romania	Visa required[189]
Russia	Visa not required[190]	Freedom of movement[191][192]
Rwanda	eVisa / Visa on arrival[193][194]	30 days
Saint Kitts and Nevis	Visa not required[195]	30 days
Saint Lucia	Visa required[196]		Cruise ship passengers visiting for one day are exempted from obtaining visas.
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Visa not required[197]	3 month
Samoa	Visa not required[198]	60 days
San Marino	Visa required[199]
São Tomé and Príncipe	eVisa[200][201]
Saudi Arabia	Visa required[202]
Senegal	Visa required[203]
Serbia	Visa not required[204]	30 days
Seychelles	Electronic Border System[205][206]	3 months	Application can be submitted up to 30 days before travel. Visitors must upload a reservation confirmation(s) for each visitor's location of stay in Seychelles. Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries. Payment of the fee (EUR 10) by credit or debit card. Valid for one journey only and it expires once exit the country.
Sierra Leone	eVisa[207][208]	3 months
Singapore	Visa required[209]		Visa free for 96 hours in case of transit to/from 3rd countries.[210] Visa application can be submitted online using the 'e-Service' through a strategic partner or a local contact in Singapore.[211]
Slovakia	Visa required[212]
Slovenia	Visa required[213]
Solomon Islands	Visa required[214]
Somalia	Visa on arrival[215]	30 days	Available at Bosaso Airport, Galcaio Airport and Mogadishu Airport.
South Africa	eVisa[216][217]
South Sudan	eVisa[218][219]	30 days	Obtainable online. Single Entry Visa Fees 100 USD, 3 Months Multiple Entry 200 USD, 6 Months Multiple Entry 350 USD. Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel.
Spain	Visa required[220]
Sri Lanka	eVisa / Visa on arrival[221][222]	60 days / 30 days	The standard visitor visa allows a stay of 60 days within any 6 month period.[223] Visa fees (for Standard visitor visa): SAARC - USD 35 Non SAARC - USD 75 e-Visa categories will be charged an additional USD 18.50 service fee. If transiting from any of the Sri Lankan airports, An e-Visa is exempted (2 day transit period).
Sudan	Visa required[224]
Suriname	Visa not required[225][226]	90 days	An entrance fee of USD 25 or EUR 25 must be paid online prior to arrival.[227] Multiple entry e-Visa is also available.[228]
Sweden	Visa required[229]
Switzerland	Visa required[230]
Syria	Visa on arrival[231]		Visa on arrival for a maximum stay of 15 days.
Tajikistan	Visa not required[232]	Unlimited
Tanzania	eVisa / Visa on arrival[233][234]	90 days
Thailand	Visa required[235]
Timor-Leste	Visa on arrival[236]	30 days
Togo	eVisa[237][238]	15 days	Single entry for 25000 F CFA or multiple entry for 35000 or 30 days multiply entry for 45000 F CFA or 90 days multiple entry for 65000 F CFA.
Tonga	Visa required[239][240]
Trinidad and Tobago	Visa required[241]
Tunisia	Visa on arrival (conditional)[242]	3 months	Visa on arrival for a maximum stay of 3 months. Must have return/onward ticket and a hotel reservation confirmation.
Turkey	Visa not required[243]	30 days	For a maximum total stay of 90 days within 1 year.
Turkmenistan	Visa required[244]
Tuvalu	Visa on arrival[245]	1 month
Uganda	eVisa[246][247]	3 months
Ukraine	Visa not required[248]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period.
United Arab Emirates	Visa not required[249]	90 days	90 days within any 180-day period.
United Kingdom	Visa required[250]
United States	Visa required[251]
Uruguay	Visa required[252]
Uzbekistan	Visa not required[253]	Unlimited
Vanuatu	Visa not required[254]	30 days
Vatican City	Visa required[255]
Venezuela	Visa not required[256]	90 days	Extension of stay possible for additional 90 days.
Vietnam	Visa not required[257]	45 days	A single entry e-Visa valid for 90 days is also available.[258]y.
Yemen	Visa required[259]
Zambia	eVisa / Visa on arrival[260][261]	90 days
Zimbabwe	Visa on arrival[262]	30 days

Territories and disputed areas

Visa requirements for Belarusian citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas and restricted zones:

Visitor to	Visa requirement	Notes (excluding departure fees)
Europe
Abkhazia	Visa not required[263]	14 days
Mount Athos	Visa required	Special permit required (4 days: 25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[264][265]
Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus	Visa on arrival[266]
UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus	Visa required[267]	Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.
Gibraltar	Visa required[268]
Jan Mayen	Visa required	Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[269] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[270]
Kosovo	Visa required[271]	Visa free for multiple entry Schengen visa holders for a maximum stay of 15 days.
South Ossetia	Visa not required[272][273]	Three day prior notification required.
Svalbard	Visa not required[274]
Transnistria	Visa not required[275][276]	Registration required after 24h.
Africa
British Indian Ocean Territory	Visa required[277]	Special permit required.
Eritrea (outside Asmara)	Visa required[278]	To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa)
Ascension Island	Admission refused[279][280]	From May 2015, the Ascension Island Government does not issue entry visas including eVisas to nationals of Belarus.[281]
Saint Helena	eVisa[282][283]
Tristan da Cunha	Visa required[284]	Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (Western Sahara controlled territory)	Undefined visa regime
Somaliland	Visa on arrival[285][286]	30 days for 30 USD, payable on arrival
Asia
Hong Kong	Visa not required[287]	30 days[288]
India PAP/RAP	Visa required	Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for all of Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Mizoram and parts of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir and Uttarakhand. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[289][290][291][292][293]
Macao	Visa not required[294]	30 days
Palestine	Visa not required[295]	Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.
Taiwan	Visa required[296]
Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province	Visa required	OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[297][298][299]
Tibet Autonomous Region	Visa required	Tibet Travel Permit required (10 US Dollars).[300][301][302]
Korean Demilitarized Zone	Restricted zone.
UNDOF Zone and Ghajar	Restricted zone.
Caribbean and North Atlantic
Anguilla	Visa required[303]
Aruba	Visa required[304]
Bermuda	Visa required[305]
Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba	Visa required[306]
British Virgin Islands	Visa required[307]
Cayman Islands	Visa on arrival[308]
Curacao	Visa required[309]
French Guiana	Visa required[310]
French West Indies	Visa required[311]
Montserrat	Visa required[312]
Puerto Rico	Visa required[313]
Sint Maarten	Visa required[314]
Turks and Caicos Islands	Visa required[315]
U.S. Virgin Islands	Visa required[316]
Oceania
American Samoa	Visa required[317]
Ashmore and Cartier Islands	Visa required	Special authorisation required.[318]
Clipperton Island	Visa required	Special permit required.[319]
Cook Islands	Visa not required[320]	31 days
French Polynesia	Visa required[321]
Guam	Visa required[322]
Niue	Visa not required[323]	30 days
Pitcairn Islands	Visa not required[324][325][326]	14 days visa free and landing fee 35 USD or tax of 5 USD if not going ashore.
Tokelau	Entry permit required[327]
United States Minor Outlying Islands	Visa required	Special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[328][329][330][331][332][333][334]
South Atlantic and Antarctica
Falkland Islands	Visa required[335]
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands	Visa required	Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[336][337]
Antarctica		Special permits required for  British Antarctic Territory,  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australian Antarctic Territory, Chilean Antarctic Territory, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Peter I Island, Queen Maud Land, Ross Dependency.[338][339][340][341][342][343][344][345][346][347][348][349]

Permission stamps

Until 1 January 2008, Belarusian citizens had to apply for permission stamps in their passports in order to cross Belarusian borders. Permission stamps were only issued if there were no specific legal restrictions for their travel.

In 2002, the Constitutional Court of Belarus stated in its decision that permission stamps were not constitutional. The Council of Ministers was ordered to propose a different kind of a citizen border control before 1 January 2006.

The decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus dated 17 December 2007 finally abolished permission stamps.

Non-visa restrictions

Many countries have entry restrictions on foreigners that go beyond the common requirement of having either a valid visa or a visa exemption. Such restrictions may be health related or impose additional documentation requirements on certain classes of people for diplomatic or political purposes.

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.^[350] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year^[351] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.^[352]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.^[353][354]

Passport validity length

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens^[355][356] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).^[357]

Some countries, such as Japan,^[358] Ireland and the United Kingdom,^[359] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,^[360] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,^[361] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,^[362] Philippines,^[363] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.^[364]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives^[365] and South Africa.

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,^[366] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.^[367]

Israeli stamps

Kuwait,^[368] Lebanon,^[369] Libya,^[370] Syria,^[371] and Yemen^[372] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017^[update]) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.^{[citation needed]}

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.^[373]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,^[374][375] Argentina,^[376] Brunei, Cambodia,^[377] China,^[378] Ethiopia,^[379] Ghana, Guinea,^[380] India, Japan,^[381][382] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),^[383] Malaysia upon entry and departure,^[384] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,^[385] Singapore, South Korea,^[386] Taiwan, Thailand,^[387] Uganda,^[388] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by domestic legislation),^{[389][390][391]} intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.^[392]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports^[393] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.^[394][395]

See also

• Visa policy of Belarus
• Belarusian passport

References and Notes

References

Notes