List of Brassicales of South Africa

Flowering plants in the order Brassicales recorded from South Africa

The Brassicales (or Cruciales) are an order of flowering plants (anthophytes), belonging to the eurosids II group of dicotyledons under the APG II system.[1] One character common to many members of the order is the production of glucosinolate (mustard oil) compounds. Most systems of classification have included this order, although sometimes under the name Capparales (the name chosen depending on which is thought to have priority).[2]

The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.[3]

23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.[4] Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.[5]

The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).[6]

Six families are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.

Brassicaceae

Family: Brassicaceae,[6]

Alyssum

Genus Alyssum:[6]

Aplanodes

Genus Aplanodes:[6]

  • Aplanodes doidgeana Marais, endemic
  • Aplanodes sisymbrioides (Schltr.) Marais, indigenous

Arabidopsis

Genus Arabidopsis:[6]

Barbarea

Genus Barbarea:[6]

Brachycarpaea

Genus Brachycarpaea:[6]

  • Brachycarpaea juncea (P.J.Bergius) Marais, accepted as Heliophila juncea (P.J.Bergius) Druce, endemic

Brassica

Genus Brassica:[6]

Camelina

Genus Camelina:[6]

  • Camelina rumelica Velen. not indigenous, naturalised

Capsella

Genus Capsella:[6]

Cardamine

Genus Cardamine:[6]

  • Cardamine africana L. indigenous
  • Cardamine flexuosa With. not indigenous, naturalised
  • Cardamine hirsuta L. not indigenous, naturalised
  • Cardamine impatiens L. not indigenous, naturalised
  • Cardamine trichocarpa Hochst. ex A.Rich. indigenous
    • Cardamine trichocarpa Hochst. ex A.Rich. subsp, trichocarpa, endemic

Cardaria

Genus Cardaria:[6]

Chamira

Genus Chamira:[6]

  • Chamira circaeoides (L.f.) Zahlbr. endemic

Cheiranthus

Genus Cheiranthus:[6]

  • Cheiranthus linearis Thunb. accepted as Heliophila linearis DC. var, linearis, indigenous

Coronopus

Genus Coronopus:[6]

  • Coronopus didymus (L.) Sm. not indigenous, naturalised
  • Coronopus integrifolius (DC.) Spreng. not indigenous, naturalised
  • Lepidium coronopus (L.) Al-Shehbaz (formerly Coronopus squamatus (Forssk.) Asch.) not indigenous, naturalised

Crambe

Genus Crambe:[6]

  • Crambe hispanica L. not indigenous, naturalised

Cycloptychis

Genus Cycloptychis:[6]

  • Cycloptychis marlothii O.E.Schulz, accepted as Heliophila hurkana Al-Shehbaz & Mumm. endemic
  • Cycloptychis virgata (Thunb.) E.Mey. ex Sond. accepted as Heliophila maraisiana Al-Shehbaz & Mumm. endemic

Descurainia

Genus Descurainia:[6]

Diplotaxis

Genus Diplotaxis:[6]

  • Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC. not indigenous, naturalised
    • Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC. subsp, muralis, not indigenous, naturalised

Eruca

Genus Eruca:[6]

Erucastrum

Genus Erucastrum:[6]

  • Erucastrum austroafricanum Al-Shehbaz & Warwick, indigenous
  • Erucastrum griquense (N.E.Br.) O.E.Schulz, indigenous
  • Erucastrum strigosum (Thunb.) O.E.Schulz, indigenous

Heliophila

Genus Heliophila:[6]

  • Heliophila acuminata (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Steud. endemic
  • Heliophila adpressa O.E.Schulz, endemic
  • Heliophila affinis Sond. endemic
  • Heliophila africana (L.) Marais, endemic
  • Heliophila alpina Marais, indigenous
  • Heliophila amplexicaulis L.f. endemic
  • Heliophila arenaria Sond. indigenous
    • Heliophila arenaria Sond. var, acocksii Marais, endemic
    • Heliophila arenaria Sond. var, agtertuinensis (O.E.Schulz) Marais, endemic
    • Heliophila arenaria Sond. var, arenaria, endemic
    • Heliophila arenaria Sond. var, glabrescens (O.E.Schulz) Marais, endemic
  • Heliophila arenosa Schltr. endemic
  • Heliophila brachycarpa Meisn. endemic
  • Heliophila brassicifolia Eckl. & Zeyh. endemic
  • Heliophila bulbostyla P.E.Barnes, endemic
  • Heliophila callosa (L.f.) DC. endemic
  • Heliophila carnosa (Thunb.) Steud. indigenous
  • Heliophila cedarbergensis Marais, endemic
  • Heliophila cinerea Marais, endemic
  • Heliophila collina O.E.Schulz, endemic
  • Heliophila concatenata Sond. endemic
  • Heliophila cornellsbergia B.J.Pienaar & Nicholas, endemic
  • Heliophila cornuta Sond. indigenous
    • Heliophila cornuta Sond. var, cornuta, indigenous
    • Heliophila cornuta Sond. var, squamata (Schltr.) Marais, indigenous
  • Heliophila coronopifolia L. indigenous
  • Heliophila crithmifolia Willd. indigenous
  • Heliophila cuneata Marais, endemic
  • Heliophila descurva Schltr. endemic
  • Heliophila deserticola Schltr. var, deserticola, indigenous
    • Heliophila deserticola Schltr. var, micrantha A.Schreib. indigenous
  • Heliophila diffusa (Thunb.) DC. indigenous
    • Heliophila diffusa (Thunb.) DC. var, diffusa, endemic
    • Heliophila diffusa (Thunb.) DC. var, flacca (Sond.) Marais, endemic
  • Heliophila digitata L.f. endemic
  • Heliophila dregeana Sond. endemic
  • Heliophila elata Sond. indigenous
    • Heliophila elata Sond. var, elata, endemic
    • Heliophila elata Sond. var, pillansii Marais, endemic
  • Heliophila elongata (Thunb.) DC. endemic
  • Heliophila ephemera P.A.Bean, endemic
  • Heliophila esterhuyseniae Marais, endemic
  • Heliophila eximia Marais, indigenous
  • Heliophila filicaulis Marais, endemic
  • Heliophila formosa Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, indigenous
  • Heliophila gariepina Schltr. endemic
  • Heliophila glauca Burch. ex DC. endemic
  • Heliophila hurkana Al-Shehbaz & Mumm. endemic
  • Heliophila juncea (P.J.Bergius) Druce, endemic
  • Heliophila katbergensis Marais, endemic
  • Heliophila laciniata Marais, endemic
  • Heliophila lactea Schltr. indigenous
  • Heliophila latisiliqua E.Mey. ex Sond. var, latisiliqua, accepted as Heliophila thunbergii (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Steud. var, thunbergii, present
    • Heliophila latisiliqua E.Mey. ex Sond. var, macrostylis (E.Mey. ex Sond.) Marais, accepted as Heliophila thunbergii (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Steud. var, macrostylis (E.Mey. ex Sond.) B.Nord. present
  • Heliophila leptophylla Schltr. endemic
  • Heliophila linearifolia Burch. ex DC. var, filifolia Sond. accepted as Heliophila coronopifolia L.
  • Heliophila linearis DC. endemic
    • Heliophila linearis DC. var, linearifolia (Burch. ex DC.) Marais, endemic
    • Heliophila linearis DC. var, linearis, endemic
    • Heliophila linearis DC. var, reticulata (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Marais, endemic
  • Heliophila linoides Schltr. endemic
  • Heliophila macowaniana Schltr. endemic
  • Heliophila macra Schltr. endemic
  • Heliophila macrosperma Burch. ex DC. endemic
  • Heliophila maraisiana Al-Shehbaz & Mumm. endemic
  • Heliophila meyeri Sond. indigenous
    • Heliophila meyeri Sond. var, meyeri, endemic
    • Heliophila meyeri Sond. var, minor Marais, endemic
  • Heliophila minima (Stephens) Marais, indigenous
  • Heliophila monosperma Al-Shehbaz & Mumm. endemic
  • Heliophila namaquana Bolus, endemic
  • Heliophila namaquensis (Marais) Al-Shehbaz & Mumm. endemic
  • Heliophila nubigena Schltr. endemic
  • Heliophila patens Oliv. endemic
  • Heliophila pectinata Burch. ex DC. endemic
  • Heliophila pendula Willd. endemic
  • Heliophila pinnata L.f. endemic
  • Heliophila promontorii Marais, endemic
  • Heliophila pubescens Burch. ex Sond. endemic
  • Heliophila pusilla L.f. indigenous
    • Heliophila pusilla L.f. var, lanceolata (Adamson) Marais, endemic
    • Heliophila pusilla L.f. var, macrosperma Marais, endemic
    • Heliophila pusilla L.f. var, pusilla, endemic
    • Heliophila pusilla L.f. var, setacea (Schltr.) Marais, endemic
  • Heliophila ramosissima O.E.Schulz, endemic
  • Heliophila refracta Sond. endemic
  • Heliophila remotiflora O.E.Schulz, endemic
  • Heliophila rigidiuscula Sond. indigenous
  • Heliophila rimicola Marais, endemic
  • Heliophila scandens Harv. endemic
  • Heliophila schulzii Marais, endemic
  • Heliophila scoparia Burch. ex DC. indigenous
    • Heliophila scoparia Burch. ex DC. var, aspera (Schltr.) Marais, endemic
    • Heliophila scoparia Burch. ex DC. var, scoparia, endemic
  • Heliophila seselifolia Burch. ex DC. indigenous
    • Heliophila seselifolia Burch. ex DC. var, marlothii (O.E.Schulz) Marais, endemic
    • Heliophila seselifolia Burch. ex DC. var, nigellifolia (Schltr.) Marais, endemic
    • Heliophila seselifolia Burch. ex DC. var, seselifolia, indigenous
  • Heliophila suavissima Burch. ex DC. indigenous
  • Heliophila suborbicularis Al-Shehbaz & Mumm. endemic
  • Heliophila subulata Burch. ex DC. endemic
  • Heliophila tabularis Wolley-Dod, endemic
  • Heliophila thunbergii (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Steud. indigenous
    • Heliophila thunbergii (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Steud. var, macrostylis (E.Mey. ex Sond.) B.Nord. endemic
    • Heliophila thunbergii (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Steud. var, thunbergii, endemic
  • Heliophila tricuspidata Schltr. endemic
  • Heliophila trifurca Burch. ex DC. indigenous
  • Heliophila tulbaghensis Schinz, endemic
  • Heliophila variabilis Burch. ex DC. indigenous

Hirschfeldia

Genus Hirschfeldia:[6]

Hymenolobus

Genus Hymenolobus:[6]

Lepidium

Genus Lepidium:[6]

  • Lepidium africanum (Burm.f.) DC. indigenous
    • Lepidium africanum (Burm.f.) DC. subsp, africanum, indigenous
    • Lepidium africanum (Burm.f.) DC. subsp, divaricatum (Aiton) Jonsell, indigenous
  • Lepidium basuticum Marais, indigenous
  • Lepidium bipinnatum Thunb. endemic
  • Lepidium bonariense L. not indigenous, naturalised
  • Lepidium campestre R.Br. not indigenous, naturalised
  • Lepidium capense Thunb. endemic
  • Lepidium desertorum Eckl. & Zeyh. indigenous
  • Lepidium draba L. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Lepidium ecklonii Schrad. endemic
  • Lepidium flexuosum Thunb. endemic
  • Lepidium mossii Thell. endemic
  • Lepidium myriocarpum Sond. indigenous
  • Lepidium pinnatum Thunb. endemic
  • Lepidium schinzii Thell. indigenous
  • Lepidium schlechteri Thell. endemic
  • Lepidium suluense Marais, indigenous
  • Lepidium transvaalense Marais, indigenous
  • Lepidium trifurcum Sond. indigenous
  • Lepidium virginicum L. not indigenous, naturalised

Lobularia

Genus Lobularia:[6]

Matthiola

Genus Matthiola:[6]

Nasturtium

Genus Nasturtium:[6]

Raphanus

Genus Raphanus:[6]

Rapistrum

Genus Rapistrum:[6]

Rorippa

Genus Rorippa:[6]

  • Rorippa fluviatilis (E.Mey. ex Sond.) Thell. indigenous
    • Rorippa fluviatilis (E.Mey. ex Sond.) Thell. var, caledonica (Sond.) Marais, indigenous
    • Rorippa fluviatilis (E.Mey. ex Sond.) Thell. var, fluviatilis, indigenous
  • Rorippa madagascariensis (DC.) Hara, indigenous
  • Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek, accepted as Nasturtium officinale R.Br. not indigenous, naturalised
  • Rorippa nudiuscula Thell. indigenous

Schlechteria

Genus Schlechteria:[6]

  • Schlechteria capensis Bolus, accepted as Heliophila monosperma Al-Shehbaz & Mumm. endemic

Silicularia

Genus Silicularia:[6]

  • Silicularia polygaloides (Schltr.) Marais, accepted as Heliophila polygaloides Schltr. endemic

Sinapis

Genus Sinapis:[6]

Sisymbrium

Genus Sisymbrium:[6]

  • Sisymbrium burchellii DC. indigenous
    • Sisymbrium burchellii DC. var, burchellii, indigenous
  • Sisymbrium capense Thunb. indigenous
  • Sisymbrium irio L. not indigenous, naturalised
  • Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop. not indigenous, naturalised
  • Sisymbrium orientale L. not indigenous, naturalised
  • Sisymbrium thellungii O.E.Schulz, accepted as Erucastrum austroafricanum Al-Shehbaz & Warwick, indigenous
  • Sisymbrium turczaninowii Sond. indigenous

Thlaspeocarpa

Genus Thlaspeocarpa:[6]

  • Thlaspeocarpa capensis (Sond.) C.A.Sm. accepted as Heliophila suborbicularis Al-Shehbaz & Mumm. present
  • Thlaspeocarpa namaquensis Marais, accepted as Heliophila namaquensis (Marais) Al-Shehbaz & Mumm. present

Thlaspi

Genus Thlaspi:[6]

Turritis

Genus Turritis:[6]

Capparaceae

Family: Capparaceae,[6]

Bachmannia

Genus Bachmannia:[6]

Boscia

Genus Boscia:[6]

  • Boscia albitrunca (Burch.) Gilg & Gilg-Ben. indigenous
  • Boscia angustifolia A.Rich. var, corymbosa (Gilg) DeWolf, indigenous
  • Boscia filipes Gilg, accepted as Boscia foetida Schinz subsp, filipes (Gilg) Lotter, present
  • Boscia foetida Schinz, indigenous
    • Boscia foetida Schinz subsp, filipes (Gilg) Lotter, indigenous
    • Boscia foetida Schinz subsp, foetida, indigenous
    • Boscia foetida Schinz subsp, longipedicellata (Gilg) Toelken, endemic
    • Boscia foetida Schinz subsp, minima Toelken, indigenous
    • Boscia foetida Schinz subsp, rehmanniana (Pestal.) Toelken, indigenous
  • Boscia mossambicensis Klotzsch, indigenous
  • Boscia oleoides (Burch. ex DC.) Toelken, endemic

Cadaba

Genus Cadaba:[6]

  • Cadaba aphylla (Thunb.) Wild, indigenous
  • Cadaba natalensis Sond. indigenous
  • Cadaba termitaria N.E.Br. indigenous

Capparis

Genus Capparis:[6]

  • Capparis brassii DC. indigenous
  • Capparis fascicularis DC. indigenous
    • Capparis fascicularis DC. var, fascicularis, indigenous
    • Capparis fascicularis DC. var, zeyheri (Turcz.) Toelken, endemic
  • Capparis sepiaria L. indigenous
    • Capparis sepiaria L. var, citrifolia (Lam.) Toelken, indigenous
    • Capparis sepiaria L. var, subglabra (Oliv.) DeWolf, indigenous
  • Capparis tomentosa Lam. indigenous

Cladostemon

Genus Cladostemon:[6]

Courbonia

Genus Courbonia:[6]

  • Courbonia edulis Gilg & Gilg-Ben. accepted as Maerua edulis (Gilg & Gilg-Ben.) DeWolf, present

Maerua

Genus Maerua:[6]

  • Maerua angolensis DC. indigenous
    • Maerua angolensis DC. subsp, angolensis, indigenous
  • Maerua brevipetiolata Killick, indigenous
  • Maerua cafra (DC.) Pax, indigenous
  • Maerua decumbens (Brongn.) DeWolf, indigenous
  • Maerua edulis (Gilg & Gilg-Ben.) DeWolf, indigenous
  • Maerua gilgii Schinz, indigenous
  • Maerua juncea Pax, indigenous
    • Maerua juncea Pax subsp, crustata (Wild) Wild, indigenous
  • Maerua nervosa (Hochst.) Oliv. endemic
  • Maerua parvifolia Pax, indigenous
  • Maerua racemulosa (A.DC.) Gilg & Gilg-Ben. indigenous
  • Maerua rosmarinoides (Sond.) Gilg & Gilg-Ben. indigenous
  • Maerua schinzii Pax, indigenous

Thilachium

Genus Thilachium:[6]

Cleomaceae

Family: Cleomaceae,[6]

Cleome

Genus Cleome:[6]

  • Cleome angustifolia Forssk. indigenous
    • Cleome angustifolia Forssk. subsp, diandra (Burch.) Kers, indigenous
    • Cleome angustifolia Forssk. subsp, petersiana (Klotzsch ex Sond.) Kers, indigenous
  • Cleome bororensis (Klotzsch) Oliv. indigenous
  • Cleome conrathii Burtt Davy, indigenous
  • Cleome foliosa Hook.f. indigenous
  • Cleome foliosa Hook.f. var, lutea (Sond.) Codd & Kers, indigenous
  • Cleome gynandra L. indigenous
  • Cleome hassleriana Chodat, accepted as Tarenaya hassleriana (Chodat) Iltis, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Cleome hirta (Klotzsch) Oliv. indigenous
  • Cleome kalachariensis (Schinz) Gilg & Gilg-Ben. indigenous
  • Cleome macrophylla (Klotzsch) Briq. indigenous
  • Cleome maculata (Sond.) Szyszyl. indigenous
  • Cleome monophylla L. indigenous
  • Cleome oxyphylla Burch. indigenous
    • Cleome oxyphylla Burch. var, oxyphylla, indigenous
    • Cleome oxyphylla Burch. var, robusta Kers, endemic
  • Cleome paxii (Schinz) Gilg & Gilg-Ben. indigenous
  • Cleome rubella Burch. indigenous
  • Cleome schlechteri Briq. endemic

Tarenaya

Genus Tarenaya:[6]

Resedaceae

Family: Resedaceae,[6]

Oligomeris

Genus Oligomeris:[6]

  • Oligomeris dipetala (Aiton) Turcz. indigenous
    • Oligomeris dipetala (Aiton) Turcz. var, dipetala, indigenous
  • Oligomeris dregeana (Mull.Arg.) Mull.Arg. indigenous

Reseda

Genus Reseda:[6]

  • Reseda lutea L. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
    • Reseda lutea L. subsp, lutea var, nutans, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive

Salvadoraceae

Family: Salvadoraceae,[6]

Azima

Genus Azima:[6]

Salvadora

Genus Salvadora:[6]

  • Salvadora australis Schweick. indigenous
  • Salvadora persica L. indigenous
    • Salvadora persica L. var, persica, indigenous
    • Salvadora persica L. var, pubescens Brenan, indigenous

Tropaeolaceae

Family: Tropaeolaceae,[6]

Tropaeolum

Genus Tropaeolum:[6]

References

  1. ^ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2003). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II" (PDF). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 141 (4): 399–436. doi:10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x.
  2. ^ Hall, Jocelyn C.; Sytsma, Kenneth J.; Iltis, Hugh H. (2002). "Phylogeny of Capparaceae and Brassicaceae based on chloroplast sequence data". American Journal of Botany. 89 (11): 1826–1842. doi:10.3732/ajb.89.11.1826. PMID 21665611.
  3. ^ Doyle, J. A.; Donoghue, M. J. (1986). "Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of the angiosperms - an experimental cladistic approach". Botanical Review. 52 (4): 321–431. doi:10.1007/bf02861082. S2CID 44844947.
  4. ^ Butler, Rhett A. (1 July 2019). "Total number of plant species by country". Mongabay. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  5. ^ "Vegetation of South Africa". PlantZAfrica.com. SA National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf "species_checklist_20180710.csv". South African National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
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  • Zeerust Thornveld
  • Zululand Coastal Thornveld
  • Zululand Lowveld
Grassland
  • Aliwal North Dry Grassland
  • Amathole Mistbelt Grassland
  • Amathole Montane Grassland
  • Amersfoort Highveld Clay Grassland
  • Barberton Montane Grassland
  • Basotho Montane Shrubland
  • Bedford Dry Grassland
  • Besemkaree Koppies Shrubland
  • Bloemfontein Dry Grassland
  • Bloemfontein Karroid Shrubland
  • Carletonville Dolomite Grassland
  • Central Free State Grassland
  • Drakensberg Afroalpine Heathland
  • Drakensberg Foothill Moist Grassland
  • Drakensberg-Amathole Afromontane Fynbos
  • East Griqualand Grassland
  • Eastern Free State Clay Grassland
  • Eastern Free State Sandy Grassland
  • Eastern Highveld Grassland
  • Egoli Granite Grassland
  • Frankfort Highveld Grassland
  • Income Sandy Grassland
  • Ithala Quartzite Sourveld
  • KaNgwane Montane Grassland
  • Karoo Escarpment Grassland
  • Klerksdorp Thornveld
  • KwaZulu-Natal Highland Thornveld
  • Leolo Summit Sourveld
  • Lesotho Highland Basalt Grassland
  • Low Escarpment Moist Grassland
  • Lydenburg Montane Grassland
  • Lydenburg Thornveld
  • Mabela Sandy Grassland
  • Midlands Mistbelt Grassland
  • Mooi River Highland Grassland
  • Mthatha Moist Grassland
  • Northern Drakensberg Highland Grassland
  • Northern Escarpment Afromontane Fynbos
  • Northern Escarpment Dolomite Grassland
  • Northern Escarpment Quartzite Sourveld
  • Northern Free State Shrubland
  • Northern KwaZulu-Natal Moist Grassland
  • Northern KwaZulu-Natal Shrubland
  • Northern Zululand Mistbelt Grassland
  • Paulpietersburg Moist Grassland
  • Queenstown Thornveld
  • Rand Highveld Grassland
  • Sekhukhune Montane Grassland
  • Senqu Montane Shrubland
  • Southern Drakensberg Highland Grassland
  • Southern KwaZulu-Natal Moist Grassland
  • Soutpansberg Summit Sourveld
  • Soweto Highveld Grassland
  • Steenkampsberg Montane Grassland
  • Stormberg Plateau Grassland
  • Strydpoort Summit Sourveld
  • Tarkastad Montane Shrubland
  • Tsakane Clay Grassland
  • Tsomo Grassland
  • uKhahlamba Basalt Grassland
  • Vaal Reefs Dolomite Sinkhole Woodland
  • Vaal-Vet Sandy Grassland
  • Vredefort Dome Granite Grassland
  • Wakkerstroom Montane Grassland
  • Waterberg-Magaliesberg Summit Sourveld
  • Western Free State Clay Grassland
  • Western Highveld Sandy Grassland
  • Western Lesotho Basalt Shrubland
  • Winburg Grassy Shrubland
  • Wolkberg Dolomite Grassland
  • Woodbush Granite Grassland
  • Xhariep Karroid Grassland
  • Zastron Moist Grassland
Fynbos
  • Agulhas Limestone Fynbos
  • Agulhas Sand Fynbos
  • Albertinia Sand Fynbos
  • Algoa Sandstone Fynbos
  • Atlantis Sand Fynbos
  • Bokkeveld Sandstone Fynbos
  • Boland Granite Fynbos
  • Breede Alluvium Fynbos
  • Breede Quartzite Fynbos
  • Breede Sand Fynbos
  • Breede Shale Fynbos
  • Canca Limestone Fynbos
  • Cape Flats Sand Fynbos
  • Cape Winelands Shale Fynbos
  • Cederberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • Central Coastal Shale Band Vegetation
  • Central Inland Shale Band Vegetation
  • De Hoop Limestone Fynbos
  • Eastern Coastal Shale Band Vegetation
  • Eastern Inland Shale Band Vegetation
  • Elgin Shale Fynbos
  • Elim Ferricrete Fynbos
  • Garden Route Granite Fynbos
  • Garden Route Shale Fynbos
  • Graafwater Sandstone Fynbos
  • Greyton Shale Fynbos
  • Grootrivier Quartzite Fynbos
  • Hangklip Sand Fynbos
  • Hawequas Sandstone Fynbos
  • Hopefield Sand Fynbos
  • Kamiesberg Granite Fynbos
  • Kango Conglomerate Fynbos
  • Knysna Sand Fynbos
  • Kogelberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • Kouebokkeveld Alluvium Fynbos
  • Kouebokkeveld Shale Fynbos
  • Kouga Grassy Sandstone Fynbos
  • Kouga Sandstone Fynbos
  • Leipoldtville Sand Fynbos
  • Loerie Conglomerate Fynbos
  • Lourensford Alluvium Fynbos
  • Matjiesfontein Quartzite Fynbos
  • Matjiesfontein Shale Fynbos
  • Montagu Shale Fynbos
  • Namaqualand Sand Fynbos
  • North Hex Sandstone Fynbos
  • North Kammanassie Sandstone Fynbos
  • North Langeberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • North Outeniqua Sandstone Fynbos
  • North Rooiberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • North Sonderend Sandstone Fynbos
  • North Swartberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • Northern Inland Shale Band Vegetation
  • Olifants Sandstone Fynbos
  • Overberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • Peninsula Granite Fynbos
  • Peninsula Sandstone Fynbos
  • Piketberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • Potberg Ferricrete Fynbos
  • Potberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • Robertson Granite Fynbos
  • South Hex Sandstone Fynbos
  • South Kammanassie Sandstone Fynbos
  • South Langeberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • South Outeniqua Sandstone Fynbos
  • South Rooiberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • South Sonderend Sandstone Fynbos
  • South Swartberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • Southern Cape Dune Fynbos
  • Stinkfonteinberge Quartzite Fynbos
  • Suurberg Quartzite Fynbos
  • Suurberg Shale Fynbos
  • Swartberg Altimontane Sandstone Fynbos
  • Swartberg Shale Fynbos
  • Swartland Alluvium Fynbos
  • Swartruggens Quartzite Fynbos
  • Swellendam Silcrete Fynbos
  • Tsitsikamma Sandstone Fynbos
  • Western Altimontane Sandstone Fynbos
  • Western Coastal Shale Band Vegetation
  • Winterhoek Sandstone Fynbos
Renosterveld
  • Baviaanskloof Shale Renosterveld
  • Breede Alluvium Renosterveld
  • Breede Shale Renosterveld
  • Central Mountain Shale Renosterveld
  • Central Ruêns Shale Renosterveld
  • Ceres Shale Renosterveld
  • Eastern Ruêns Shale Renosterveld
  • Hantam Plateau Dolerite Renosterveld
  • Humansdorp Shale Renosterveld
  • Kango Limestone Renosterveld
  • Langkloof Shale Renosterveld
  • Matjiesfontein Shale Renosterveld
  • Montagu Shale Renosterveld
  • Mossel Bay Shale Renosterveld
  • Namaqualand Granite Renosterveld
  • Nieuwoudtville Shale Renosterveld
  • Nieuwoudtville-Roggeveld Dolerite Renosterveld
  • Peninsula Shale Renosterveld
  • Robertson Granite Renosterveld
  • Roggeveld Shale Renosterveld
  • Ruêns Silcrete Renosterveld
  • Swartberg Shale Renosterveld
  • Swartland Alluvium Renosterveld
  • Swartland Granite Renosterveld
  • Swartland Shale Renosterveld
  • Swartland Silcrete Renosterveld
  • Uniondale Shale Renosterveld
  • Vanrhynsdorp Shale Renosterveld
  • Western Ruêns Shale Renosterveld
Succulent
Karoo
  • Aggeneys Gravel Vygieveld
  • Agter-Sederberg Shrubland
  • Anenous Plateau Shrubland
  • Bushmanland Inselberg Shrubland
  • Central Knersvlakte Vygieveld
  • Central Richtersveld Mountain Shrubland
  • Citrusdal Vygieveld
  • Die Plate Succulent Shrubland
  • Doringrivier Quartzite Karoo
  • Eastern Little Karoo
  • Eenriet Plains Succulent Shrubland
  • Goariep Mountain Succulent Shrubland
  • Hantam Karoo
  • Kamiesberg Mountains Shrubland
  • Klawer Sandy Shrubland
  • Knersvlakte Dolomite Vygieveld
  • Knersvlakte Quartz Vygieveld
  • Knersvlakte Shale Vygieveld
  • Koedoesberge-Moordenaars Karoo
  • Kosiesberg Succulent Shrubland
  • Lekkersing Succulent Shrubland
  • Little Karoo Quartz Vygieveld
  • Namaqualand Arid Grassland
  • Namaqualand Blomveld
  • Namaqualand Coastal Duneveld
  • Namaqualand Heuweltjie Strandveld
  • Namaqualand Heuweltjieveld
  • Namaqualand Inland Duneveld
  • Namaqualand Klipkoppe Shrubland
  • Namaqualand Shale Shrubland
  • Namaqualand Spinescent Grassland
  • Namaqualand Strandveld
  • Northern Knersvlakte Vygieveld
  • Northern Richtersveld Scorpionstailveld
  • Northern Richtersveld Yellow Duneveld
  • Oograbies Plains Sandy Grassland
  • Piketberg Quartz Succulent Shrubland
  • Platbakkies Succulent Shrubland
  • Prince Albert Succulent Karoo
  • Richtersveld Coastal Duneveld
  • Richtersveld Red Duneveld
  • Richtersveld Sandy Coastal Scorpionstailveld
  • Riethuis-Wallekraal Quartz Vygieveld
  • Robertson Karoo
  • Roggeveld Karoo
  • Rooiberg Quartz Vygieveld
  • Rosyntjieberg Succulent Shrubland
  • Southern Namaqualand Quartzite Klipkoppe Shrubland
  • Southern Richtersveld Inselberg Shrubland
  • Southern Richtersveld Scorpionstailveld
  • Southern Richtersveld Yellow Duneveld
  • Steytlerville Karoo
  • Stinkfonteinberge Eastern Apron Shrubland
  • Swartruggens Quartzite Karoo
  • Tanqua Escarpment Shrubland
  • Tanqua Karoo
  • Tatasberg Mountain Succulent Shrubland
  • Umdaus Mountains Succulent Shrubland
  • Upper Annisvlakte Succulent Shrubland
  • Vanrhynsdorp Gannabosveld
  • Vyftienmyl se Berge Succulent Shrubland
  • Western Bushmanland Klipveld
  • Western Gwarrieveld
  • Western Little Karoo
  • Willowmore Gwarrieveld
Albany
Thicket
and
Strandveld
  • Albany Arid Thicket
  • Albany Bontveld
  • Albany Mesic Thicket
  • Albany Valley Thicket
  • Baviaans Valley Thicket
  • Bethelsdorp Bontveld
  • Blombos Strandveld
  • Buffels Mesic Thicket
  • Buffels Valley Thicket
  • Cape Flats Dune Strandveld
  • Crossroads Grassland Thicket
  • Doubledrift Karroid Thicket
  • Eastern Gwarrieveld
  • Elands Forest Thicket
  • Escarpment Arid Thicket
  • Escarpment Mesic Thicket
  • Escarpment Valley Thicket
  • Fish Arid Thicket
  • Fish Mesic Thicket
  • Fish Valley Thicket
  • Gamka Arid Thicket
  • Gamka Valley Thicket
  • Geluk Grassland Thicket
  • Goukamma Dune Thicket
  • Gouritz Valley Thicket
  • Grahamstown Grassland Thicket
  • Grassridge Bontveld
  • Groot Brak Dune Strandveld
  • Hamburg Dune Thicket
  • Hartenbos Dune Thicket
  • Kasouga Dune Thicket
  • Koedoeskloof Karroid Thicket
  • Lambert's Bay Strandveld
  • Langebaan Dune Strandveld
  • Mons Ruber Fynbos Thicket
  • Motherwell Karroid Thicket
  • Nanaga Savanna Thicket
  • Oudshoorn Karroid Thicket
  • Overberg Dune Strandveld
  • Saldanha Flats Strandveld
  • Saldanha Granite Strandveld
  • Saldanha Limestone Strandveld
  • Saltaire Karroid Thicket
  • Sardinia Forest Thicket
  • St Francis Dune Thicket
  • Subtropical Dune Thicket
  • Sundays Arid Thicket
  • Sundays Mesic Thicket
  • Sundays Valley Thicket
  • Thorndale Forest Thicket
  • Umtiza Forest Thicket
  • Vanstadens Forest Thicket
  • Western Gwarrieveld
  • Willowmore Gwarrieveld
Nama
Karoo
and
desert
  • Albany Broken Veld
  • Blouputs Karroid Thornveld
  • Bushmanland Arid Grassland
  • Bushmanland Basin Shrubland
  • Bushmanland Sandy Grassland
  • Eastern Lower Karoo
  • Eastern Upper Karoo
  • Gamka Karoo
  • Kalahari Karroid Shrubland
  • Lower Gariep Broken Veld
  • Lower Karoo Gwarrieveld
  • Northern Upper Karoo
  • Upper Karoo Hardeveld
  • Western Upper Karoo
  • Alexander Bay Coastal Duneveld
  • Eastern Gariep Plains Desert
  • Eastern Gariep Rocky Desert
  • Helskloof Canyon Desert
  • Kahams Mountain Desert
  • Kwaggarug Mountain Desert
  • Namib Lichen Fields
  • Noms Mountain Desert
  • Northern Nababiepsberge Mountain Desert
  • Richtersberg Mountain Desert
  • Richtersveld Sheet Wash Desert
  • Southern Nababiepsberge Mountain Desert
  • Western Gariep Hills Desert
  • Western Gariep Lowland Desert
  • Western Gariep Plains Desert
Azonal
  • Albany Alluvial Vegetation
  • Albany Dune Strandveld
  • Algoa Dune Strandveld
  • Arid Estuarine Salt Marshes
  • Bushmanland Vloere
  • Cape Estuarine Salt Marshes
  • Cape Inland Salt Pans
  • Cape Lowland Alluvial Vegetation
  • Cape Lowland Freshwater Wetlands
  • Cape Seashore Vegetation
  • Cape Vernal Pools
  • Drakensberg Wetlands
  • Eastern Temperate Freshwater Wetlands
  • Fynbos Riparian Vegetation
  • Highveld Alluvial Vegetation
  • Highveld Salt Pans
  • Lesotho Mires
  • Lower Gariep Alluvial Vegetation
  • Muscadel Riviere
  • Namaqualand Riviere
  • Namaqualand Salt Pans
  • Namaqualand Seashore Vegetation
  • Namib Seashore Vegetation
  • Southern Kalahari Mekgacha
  • Southern Kalahari Salt Pans
  • Southern Karoo Riviere
  • Subantarctic Kelp Bed Vegetation
  • Subtropical Alluvial Vegetation
  • Subtropical Dune Thicket
  • Subtropical Estuarine Salt Marshes
  • Subtropical Freshwater Wetlands
  • Subtropical Salt Pans
  • Subtropical Seashore Vegetation
  • Tanqua Wash Riviere
  • Upper Gariep Alluvial Vegetation
Forest
and
Coastal
belt
  • KwaZulu-Natal Coastal Belt
  • Maputaland Coastal Belt
  • Maputaland Wooded Grassland
  • Pondoland-Natal Sandstone Coastal Sourveld
  • Transkei Coastal Belt
  • Ironwood Dry Forest
  • Lowveld Riverine Forest
  • Mangrove Forest
  • Northern Afrotemperate Forest
  • Northern Coastal Forest
  • Northern Mistbelt Forest
  • Sand Forest
  • Scarp Forest
  • Southern Afrotemperate Forest
  • Southern Coastal Forest
  • Southern Mistbelt Forest
  • Swamp Forest
Subantarctic
biome
  • Subantarctic Biotic Herbfield and Grassland
  • Subantarctic Cinder Cone Vegetation
  • Subantarctic Coastal Vegetation
  • Subantarctic Drainage Line Vegetation
  • Subantarctic Fellfield
  • Subantarctic Fernbrake Vegetation
  • Subantarctic Mire
  • Subantarctic Polar Desert
not on
VEGMAP
South
African
National
Parks
Biosphere
reserves
Marine
protected
areas of
South
Africa
Coastal
Offshore
Management
organisations
Biodiversity research in SA
Research
organisations
Research
projects
Citizen science
databases
Botanical
gardens
Taxonomists
Regional biodiversity
Legislation
Publications
  • List of field guides to South African biota
  • Categories: Biodiversity of South Africa
  • Index