Nisoldipine

Antihypertensive drug of the calcium channel blocker class
  • C08CA07 (WHO)
Legal statusLegal status
  • US: ℞-only
Pharmacokinetic dataBioavailability4–8%Protein binding>99%MetabolismCYP3A4Elimination half-life7–12 hoursExcretion70–80% via urineIdentifiers
  • (RS)-Isobutyl methyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate
CAS Number
  • 63675-72-9 checkY
PubChem CID
  • 4499
IUPHAR/BPS
  • 2524
DrugBank
  • DB00401 ☒N
ChemSpider
  • 4343 ☒N
UNII
  • 4I8HAB65SZ
KEGG
  • D00618 checkY
ChEBI
  • CHEBI:7577 ☒N
ChEMBL
  • ChEMBL1726 ☒N
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
  • DTXSID0023371 Edit this at Wikidata
ECHA InfoCard100.058.534 Edit this at WikidataChemical and physical dataFormulaC20H24N2O6Molar mass388.420 g·mol−13D model (JSmol)
  • Interactive image
  • CC1=C(C(C(=C(N1)C)C(=O)OCC(C)C)c2ccccc2[N+](=O)[O-])C(=O)OC
  • InChI=1S/C20H24N2O6/c1-11(2)10-28-20(24)17-13(4)21-12(3)16(19(23)27-5)18(17)14-8-6-7-9-15(14)22(25)26/h6-9,11,18,21H,10H2,1-5H3
  • Key:VKQFCGNPDRICFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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Nisoldipine is a pharmaceutical drug used for the treatment of chronic angina pectoris and hypertension. It is a calcium channel blocker of the dihydropyridine class. It is sold in the United States under the proprietary name Sular. Nisoldipine has tropism for cardiac blood vessels.[1]

It was patented in 1975 and approved for medical use in 1990.[2]

Contraindications

Nisoldipine is contraindicated in people with cardiogenic shock, unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and during pregnancy and lactation.[3]

Adverse effects

Common side effects are headache, confusion, fast heartbeat, and edema. Hypersensitivity reactions are rare and include angioedema.[3]

Interactions

The substance is metabolized by the liver enzyme CYP3A4. Consequently, CYP3A4 inducers such as rifampicin or carbamazepine could reduce the effectiveness of nisoldipine, while CYP3A4 inhibitors such as ketoconazole increase the amount of nisoldipine in the body more than 20-fold. Grapefruit juice also increases nisoldipine concentrations by inhibiting CYP3A4.[3]

Pharmacology

Mechanism of action

Nisoldipine is a calcium channel blocker that selectively inhibits L-type calcium channels.[3]

References

  1. ^ Knorr AM (April 1995). "Why is nisoldipine a specific agent in ischemic left ventricular dysfunction?". The American Journal of Cardiology. 75 (13): 36E–40E. doi:10.1016/S0002-9149(99)80446-9. PMID 7726122.
  2. ^ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 464. ISBN 9783527607495.
  3. ^ a b c d Haberfeld H, ed. (2019). Austria-Codex (in German). Vienna: Österreichischer Apothekerverlag. Syscor 5 mg-Filmtabletten.

Further reading

  • Mielcarek J, Grobelny P, Szamburska O (April 2005). "The effect of beta-carotene on the photostability of nisoldipine". Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology. 27 (3): 167–171. doi:10.1358/mf.2005.27.3.890873. PMID 15834448.
  • Missan S, Zhabyeyev P, Dyachok O, Jones SE, McDonald TF (November 2003). "Block of cardiac delayed-rectifier and inward-rectifier K+ currents by nisoldipine". British Journal of Pharmacology. 140 (5): 863–870. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0705518. PMC 1574108. PMID 14530219.
  • Hamilton SF, Houle LM, Thadani U (1999). "Rapid-release and coat-core formulations of nisoldipine in treatment of hypertension, angina, and heart failure". Heart Disease. 1 (5): 279–288. PMID 11720635.

External links

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Calcium
VDCCsTooltip Voltage-dependent calcium channels
Blockers
Activators
Potassium
VGKCsTooltip Voltage-gated potassium channels
Blockers
Activators
IRKsTooltip Inwardly rectifying potassium channel
Blockers
Activators
  • GIRKTooltip G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channel-specific: ML-297 (VU0456810)
KCaTooltip Calcium-activated potassium channel
Blockers
  • BKCa-specific: Ethanol (alcohol)
  • GAL-021
Activators
K2PsTooltip Tandem pore domain potassium channel
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Sodium
VGSCsTooltip Voltage-gated sodium channels
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ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel
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  • Solnatide
ASICsTooltip Acid-sensing ion channel
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Chloride
CaCCsTooltip Calcium-activated chloride channel
Blockers
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CFTRTooltip Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
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Unsorted
Blockers
Others
TRPsTooltip Transient receptor potential channels
  • See here instead.
LGICsTooltip Ligand gated ion channels
  • See here instead.
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators • Transient receptor potential channel modulators
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CARTooltip Constitutive androstane receptor
PXRTooltip Pregnane X receptor
See also
Receptor/signaling modulators